Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (PCDDs), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in Food by GC-MS/MS

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Chemical Food Contaminants Analysis

Abstract

PCDD, PCDF, and DL-PCB compounds are classified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and are recognized as food contaminants. Therefore, monitoring these substances in food is imperative for safeguarding public health. This chapter outlines a modern analytical methodology, embracing both automated and manual clean-up approaches to the determination of such contaminants. Isotope dilution GC-MS/MS is used for accurate and reliable quantification of these contaminants across various food matrices.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Malisch R, Kotz A (2014) Dioxins and PCBs in feed and food – review from European perspective, 2-10. Sci of Total Environ:491–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.022

  2. Lin Y-S, Caffrey JL, Hsu P-C et al (2012) Environmental exposure to dioxin-like compounds and the mortality risk in the U.S. population. Environ Health 215:541–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.09.003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Storelli MM, Storelli A, D’Addabbo R, Barone G, Marcotrigiano GO (2004) Polychlorinated biphenyl residues in deep-sea fish from Mediterranean Sea. Environ Int 30:343–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2003.07.002

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Eisler R (1986) U.S. Department of the interior, fish and wildlife service. In: Dioxin hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review

    Google Scholar 

  5. Van den Berg M, Birnmaum LS, Denison M, De Vito M et al (2006) The 2005 World Health Organization reevaluation of human and mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. Toxicol Sci 93:223–241. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfl055

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. EFSA CONTAM Panel (EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain) (2018). Scientific opinion on the risk for animal and human health related to the presence of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in feed and food. EFSA J 16(11): 5333, 331. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5333

  7. Schecter A, Birnbaum L, Ryan JJ, Constable JD (2006) Dioxins: an overview. Environ Res 101:419–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.003

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Nzihou A, Themelis NJ, Kemiha M, Benhamou Y (2012) Dioxin emissions from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) in France. Waste Manag 32:2273–2277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.06.016

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Augusti DV, Nunes CM, Santos EV, Pissinatti R (2015) Contamination of backyard chicken eggs by dioxins, furans and dl-PCBs caused by an uncontrolled fire in disposable tires. Organohalogen Compd 77:39–42

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Penteado JCP, Vaz JM (2001) The legacy of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Quim Nova 24:390–398. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-40422001000300016

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Lei R, Xu Z, **ng Y et al (2021) Global status of dioxin emission and China’s role in reducing the emission. Hazard Mater 418:12625–12634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126265

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/915 of 25 April 2023 on maximum levels for certain contaminants in food and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006. OJ L 119, 5.5.2023, pp 103–157

    Google Scholar 

  13. Franchina FA, Lazzari E, Scholl G, Focant JF (2019) Confirmatory measurement of PCDD/FS and (n)DL-PCBs in food/feed using a new short collision cell triple quadrupole GC-MS/MS system. Organohalogen Compd 81:65–68

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Stubleski JJ, Robinson C, Frid N, Riddell V et al (2022) Application of a combined POPs analysis method for quantification of PCDD/DFs, dl-PCBs, and PCNs in environmental extracts using APGC-MS/MS. Organohalogen Compd 83

    Google Scholar 

  15. García-Bermejo A, Ábalos M, Sauló J, Abad E, González MJ, Gómara B (2015) Triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry: a real alternative to high resolution magnetic sector instrument for the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, furans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls. Anal Chim Acta 889:156–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2015.07.039

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (1994, October) Tetra- through octa-chlorinated dioxins and furans by isotope dilution HRGC/HRMS, Method 1613, revision B; Washington, D.C

    Google Scholar 

  17. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2008) Chlorinated biphenyl congeners in water, soil, sediments, biosolids, and tissue by HRGC/HRMS, Method 1668b, revision B. Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  18. Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/644 of 5 April 2017 laying down methods of sampling and analysis for the control of levels of dioxins, dioxin-like PCBs and non-dioxin-like PCBs in certain foodstuffs and repealing Regulation (EU) No 589/2014. OJ L 92, 6.4.2017, pp 9–34

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rafael Pissinatti .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Pissinatti, R., Gloria, M.M.M.F., Mota, R.F., Rocha, C.R., Nogueira, R. (2024). Determination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (PCDDs), Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in Food by GC-MS/MS. In: Hoff, R., Molognoni, L. (eds) Chemical Food Contaminants Analysis. Methods and Protocols in Food Science . Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3806-4_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3806-4_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3805-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3806-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation