Abstract
The generation of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) differentiated from human embryonic stem cell (hESC) or induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) could aid with understanding of human RGC development, neuronal biology, drug discovery, potential cell-based therapies, and gene regulation. Here, we present a protocol for differentiation of hESC to RGCs using a 40-day protocol, significantly shorter than typical retinal organoids while still yielding cells with RGC-enriched markers and show physiological and morphological properties typical of RGCs.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sluch VM, C-hO D, Ranganathan V et al (2015) Differentiation of human ESCs to retinal ganglion cells using a CRISPR engineered reporter cell line. Sci Rep 5:16595
Wahlin KJ, Maruotti J, Zack DJ (2014) Modeling retinal dystrophies using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells. Adv Exp Med Biol 801:157–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_20
Sluch VM, Zack DJ (2014) Stem cells, retinal ganglion cells and glaucoma. Dev Ophthalmol 53:111–121. https://doi.org/10.1159/000358409
Sowden JC (2014) ESC-derived retinal pigmented epithelial cell transplants in patients: so far, so good. Cell stem cell 15:537–538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2014.10.008
Jayakody SA, Gonzalez-Cordero A, Ali RR et al (2015) Cellular strategies for retinal repair by photoreceptor replacement. Prog Retin Eye Res 46:31–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.01.003
Zhong X, Gutierrez C, Xue T et al (2014) Generation of three-dimensional retinal tissue with functional photoreceptors from human iPSCs. Nat Commun 5:4047. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5047
Meyer JS, Howden SE, Wallace KA et al (2011) Optic vesicle-like structures derived from human pluripotent stem cells facilitate a customized approach to retinal disease treatment. Stem Cells 29:1206–1218. https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.674
Nakano T, Ando S, Takata N et al (2012) Self-formation of optic cups and storable stratified neural retina from human ESCs. Cell Stem Cell 10:771–785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.009
Eiraku M, Takata N, Ishibashi H et al (2011) Self-organizing optic-cup morphogenesis in three-dimensional culture. Nature 472:51–56. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09941
**e BB, Zhang XM, Hashimoto T et al (2014) Differentiation of retinal ganglion cells and photoreceptor precursors from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells carrying an Atoh7/Math5 lineage reporter. PLoS One 9:e112175. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112175
Riazifar H, Jia Y, Chen J et al (2014) Chemically induced specification of retinal ganglion cells from human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 3:424–432. https://doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2013-0147
Gill KP, Hewitt AW, Davidson KC et al (2014) Methods of retinal ganglion cell differentiation from pluripotent stem cells. Transl Vis Sci Technol 3
Tanaka T, Yokoi T, Tamalu F et al (2015) Generation of retinal ganglion cells with functional axons from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 5:8344. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08344
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Esmaeili, M., Mead, B. (2023). Differentiation of Human Embryonic/Induced-Pluripotent Stem Cells to Retinal Ganglion Cells. In: Mead, B. (eds) Retinal Ganglion Cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2708. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3409-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3409-7_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3408-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3409-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols