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Diversity of fungal endophytes from mangrove plants of Santa Catarina Island, Brazil

  • Environmental Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

The mangrove ecosystem plays a crucial role in preserving the biodiversity of plants, animals, and microorganisms that are essential for materials cycles. However, the exploration of endophytic fungi isolated from mangroves, particulary in Santa Catarina (SC, Brazil), remains limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the biodiversity of endophytic fungi found in Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa, Rhizophora mangle, and Spartina alterniflora from two mangroves on the Island of Santa Catarina: one impacted by anthropic action (Itacorubi mangrove) and the other environmentally preserved (Ratones mangrove). Samplings were carried out between January 2020 and May 2021. Fungi were isolated from leaves, stems, and roots, identified, and clustered into groups through morphological characteristics. Further, a representative strain of each group was identified through ITS1 sequencing. A total of 373 isolates were obtained from plant tissues, of which 96 and 277 isolates were obtained from Itacorubi and Ratones mangroves, respectively. Molecular identification showed that the endophytic fungal community comprised at least 19 genera. The data on fungal community diversity revealed comparable diversity indices for genera in both mangroves. However, we observed differences in the total frequency of fungal genera between impacted (27.38%) and non-impacted (72.62%) mangroves. These findings suggest that anthropic activities in and around the Santa Catarina mangroves have had negative impact on the frequency of endophytic fungi. This emphasizes the reinforcing the significance of preserving these environments to ensure the maintenance of fungal community diversity.

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Data Availability

All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and in the Supplementary Information. All DNA sequences are deposited in the NCBI database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)

Abbreviations

PDA:

Potato dextrose agar

SA:

Sabouraud agar

Ffe:

Fungal frequency data

Ni:

Number of isolates of genus

N:

Sum of all isolated genera

AbT:

Total abundance

Ab:

Partial abundance

H:

Shannon index

NT:

Total number of isolates of each fungal genera

NiI:

Number of isolates of each genus from the Itacorubi mangrove

NiR:

Number of isolates of each genus from the Ratones mangrove

FpI:

Partial frequency of fungal genera from Itacorubi mangrove

FpR:

Partial frequency of fungi genera from Ratones mangrove

FT:

Total frequency of each genus

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Estado de Santa Catarina (FAPESC) for financial support (Grant PRONEM N° 05/2019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Isabela Maria Agustini da Silveira Bastos, Rafael Dorighello Cadamuro, Ana Claudia Oliveira de Freitas, Izabella Thaís da Silva, Patrícia Hermes Stoco, Gislaine Fongaro, Diogo Robl & Mário Steindel

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Izabella Thaís da Silva

  3. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Louis Pergaud Sandjo

  4. Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocess, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, 99700-000, Brazil

    Helen Treichel

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  1. Isabela Maria Agustini da Silveira Bastos
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Funding acquisition by Mario Steindel and Gislaine Fongaro. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Rafael Dorighello Cadamuro, Ana Claudia Oliveira de Freitas, and Mario Steindel. Writing of original draft, Isabela Maria Agustini da Silveira Bastos and Diogo Robl. Writing and review editing, data analysis, and discussion were carried out by Mario Steindel, Gislaine Fongaro, Diogo Robl, Izabella Thais da Silva, Helen Treichel, Louis Pergaud Sandjo, and Patricia Hermes Stoco. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mário Steindel.

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da Silveira Bastos, I.M.A., Cadamuro, R.D., de Freitas, A.C.O. et al. Diversity of fungal endophytes from mangrove plants of Santa Catarina Island, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 55, 1477–1487 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-023-01234-5

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