Abstract
The nitrification inhibitor (NI) 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) is widely used to reduce NO3− production rates, but it also causes a high NH3 emission risk. To address this issue, we co-applied different humic materials extracted from lignite (B) and pine (Y) with DMPP and evaluated their combined effects on soil N mineralization, nitrification inhibition, and NH3 losses with incubation experiments. The treatments included urea only (U), urea with DMPP (UD), urea with different humic materials (UB2 and UY2), and urea with DMPP and humic materials, and the application rates ranged from 0.25 to 1.0 g C kg−1 soil. The Y material had a lower C/H ratio and higher C/N, O/C, and ΔlgK values than the B material. Regardless of the source, addition of humic material significantly increased the final soil NH4+ concentration but had little effect on the soil NO3− concentration. Humic materials also decreased cumulative NH3 volatilization when co-applied with DMPP. The effects on soil NH4+ concentrations increased with increasing Y addition but decreased with increasing B addition, and humic materials derived from different sources had opposite effects on the nitrification inhibition efficiency of DMPP. N0, NR, and KD values increased and ND decreased with increasing Y addition during co-application with DMPP, but cumulative NH3 volatilization did not differ significantly with increased B addition. Humic materials have positive effects on nitrification inhibition efficiency and NH3 reduction when co-applied with DMPP, but their efficiencies depend on the sources used.
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Acknowledgements
This study was funded by the Development and Industrialization of New Stabilized Compound Fertilizer project (2017YFD0200708), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172681), the Northeast Agricultural University “Academic Backbone” fund (19XG05), and the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Physiological Ecology of Grain Crops in Cold Regions of the Ministry of Education (CXSTOP2021008). The authors are grateful for the technical and literature support provided by Song Guan, Shangzhi Gao, **nxin Lin, and Ruixue Liu at Jilin Agricultural University and for the revision by Chaopu Ti at the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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Liu, Z., Gao, J., Xu, L. et al. Effects of Humic Materials on Soil N Transformation and NH3 Loss when Co-applied with 3, 4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate and Urea. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 22, 3490–3499 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00903-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00903-y