Exploring New Derivatives of 5-Hydroxysalicyaldehyde as Promising Antimicrobial Compounds Towards Drug-Resistant Microorganism

Abstract

Due to the emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms, treating infectious illnesses is a significant challenge in the medical industry. To counter this, researchers are continuously investigating new drugs to combat infectious illnesses. Hence, we explore the production of new SB derivatives (SB₁–SB₈) obtained from the condensation of 5-hydroxysalicyaldehyde with substituted amines. For structural confirmations of procured compounds, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ¹H and ¹³C-Nuclear magnetic resonance, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry spectroscopic methods of analysis were employed. The SCXRD analysis of compound SB₁ has a triclinic lattice with P-1 and Z = 2 space groups. The antimicrobial attributes of synthesized SB derivatives (SB₁–SB₈) were further investigated. In comparison with conventional antibiotic ampicillin (250 and 100 µg/mL), the compound SB₃ demonstrated enhanced effectiveness against S. aureus (100 µg/mL), E. coli (62.5 µg/mL), and S. pyogenes (50 g/mL), as well as euipotency against the P. aeruginosa (100 µg/mL) microorganisms. Among the synthesized compounds, compounds SB₁ and SB₅ to SB₈ showed notably greater potency (100–250 µg/mL) against the fungus C. albicans in comparison to the conventional drug Griseofulvin (500 µg/mL).