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Growth, tuber yield, and starch content of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) accessions on different altitudes and tree shades

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Abstract

Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) is an herbaceous plant that is widely grown under the shade of trees and has the potential to be cultivated as a source of food, medicine, feed, fibers, biopolymers, and biopolymer composites industries. The purpose of the research was to identify the growth, tuber yield, and starch content of arrowroot accessions planted at different altitudes and tree shades in Garut District, West Java, Indonesia. A factorial design using a randomized block design with four blocks was used to analyze the field performance of 6 arrowroot accessions planted under different altitudes (low, medium, and high altitudes) and under different sengon (Falcataria moluccana) tree ages, i.e., 1-, 2- and 3-years. The result showed that the altitude, tree shade, and accession significantly affected the growth, tuber, and starch yield. The plant height, leaf area, number of tillers, plant biomass, and tuber yield tends to decrease with increasing altitude. The growth parameters showed a positive correlation with tuber biomass and starch content, indicating that the growth could be a good indicator for genotype selection. Cultivation of arrowroot in the lowland area under sengon tree stand of 3 years old provided the highest tuber biomass and starch yield. The best accession for starch yield in low and medium altitude areas is the Limbangan accession, but for the highland areas, the Cilawu accession had the highest starch yield.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Director of Agroforestry Technology Research and Development Institute, Ciamis, West Java for financial assistance and providing facilities to conduct this research

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Agroforestry Technology Research and Development Institute, Ciamis, West Java, Indonesia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanical Garden and Forestry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia

    Dede J. Sudrajat,  Yulianti,  Nurhasybi & Evayusvita Rustam

  2. Institute for Standard and Instrument Implementation of Environment and Forestry, Jl. Raya Ciamis-Banjar, KM 4, Ciamis, West Java, Indonesia

    Asep Rohandi

  3. Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Agro, Bulaksumur No. 1, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Budiadi & Suryo Hardiwinoto

  4. Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Gadjah Mada University, Jl. Agro, Bulaksumur No. 1, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

    Eni Harmayani

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  1. Dede J. Sudrajat
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by DJS, AR, B, SH, EH, Y, ER, and N. The first draft of the manuscript was written by DJS, AR, B, SH, Y, ER, and N and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Sudrajat, D.J., Rohandi, A., Yulianti et al. Growth, tuber yield, and starch content of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) accessions on different altitudes and tree shades. Plant Physiol. Rep. 28, 221–230 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40502-023-00721-z

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