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Delignification of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch by ozonization and its physicochemical effect

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Abstract

Delignification has an important role in biomass utilization framework of Empty Fruit Bunch of Palm Oil (EFB). EFB from Sulawesi Island with high lignin reached 45% was a challenge. Innovation for delignification should be delivered to remove lignin but keep holocellulose, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Treated EFB improved accessible the holocellulose for subsequent process like enzymatic process. Delignification would remove or break down lignin to increase the accessibility. Delignification by ozonized NaOH solution conducted at ambient temperature to save energy and low NaOH concentration, 3.2%. Ozonization NaOH solution with 500 ppm H2O2 would produce hydroxyl radical (OH°), an oxydator. ORP, TDS, and TSS of black liquor was observed to assess any suspended and dissolved solid of EFB. Treated EFB was analized for its component, lignin, and holocellulose. At higher NaOH solution was the higher TSS in ozonized NaOH solution. The highest TSS by ozonized 0.8 M NaOH reached 50.810 ppm. Unfortunately, the holocellulose was also decomposed as well. Thus, the yield was decrease since both lignin and holocellulose degraded. Optimal delignification was figure out at 0.4 M or 1.6% NaOH whereas lignin decreasing and holocellulose increasing by 30.8% and 27.17%, respectively. XRD analysis clarified improvement of this delignification for crystallinity increased 8.5%, 69%, closer to α-cellulose. Morphology by SEM showed remove the impurities successfully and Si, Nb, Mg, and Ca detected by EDS.

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Funding

National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia (BRIN) provided research funding support for some reagent and analysis for research title PreTreatment Limbah Lignocellulose TKKS dengan Ozonisasi dan Sakarifikasi Ensimatis untuk Produksi Furfural dan HMF, by SK of Head of Organization Research Nomor 2/III/HK/2022. University Pamulang supports research funding for lecturer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Building 452, PUSPIPTEK, Serpong, South Tangerang, Indonesia

    Joni Prasetyo, Deliana Dahnum & Roni Maryana

  2. Chemical Engineering Department, Pamulang University, Jalan Surya Kencana No.1, West Pamulang, South Tangerang, Indonesia

    Joni Prasetyo

  3. Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency, Building 625, PUSPIPTEK, Serpong, South Tangerang, Indonesia

    Galuh Wirama Murti

  4. Research Center for Intelligent Mechatronics, National Research and Innovation Agency, Komplek LIPI Jl. Sangkuriang, Dago, Coblong, Dago, Kecamatan Coblong, Kota Bandung, Indonesia

    Anto Tri Sugiarto

  5. Enerba Teknologi Ltd. Kawasan Industri & Pergudangan Taman Tekno, Jalan Raya Tekno Widya Blok H 11 No. 10, Setu, South Tangerang, Indonesia

    Achmadin Luthfi Machsun

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  1. Joni Prasetyo
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  2. Deliana Dahnum
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  4. Anto Tri Sugiarto
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  5. Roni Maryana
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Contributions

J. P. is the main contributor who conceptualized and analyzed this work. D.D. and G.W.M. supported analytical method for analysis. R.M. provided raw material, EFB, and analysis. A.T.S. and A.L.M. provided ozonization concept and its application.

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Correspondence to Joni Prasetyo.

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Prasetyo, J., Dahnum, D., Murti, G.W. et al. Delignification of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch by ozonization and its physicochemical effect. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03719-z

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