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A large-scale, observational study to investigate the current status of diabetes complication and their prevention in Japan: incidence/risk factors for malignancies during follow-up—JDCP study 11 (English version)

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Abstract

In the large-scale, prospective, observational JDCP study, a total of 5944 people with type 2 diabetes (mean age at baseline, 61.4 years old; women, 39.9%; and duration of diabetes, 10.8 years) were followed up for incidence of malignancy. During a mean 5.38 ± 2.92 years of follow-up, malignancies occurred in 322 individuals, accounting for a crude incidence of 10.35/1000 person-years. The 3 most frequently reported malignancies included colorectal cancers (20.4%), breast cancer (16.5%) and lung cancers (13.6%) in women, and gastric cancers (18.3%), colorectal cancers (15.7%) and lung/prostate cancers (12.7%) in men. During follow-up, men had a significantly higher relative risk for malignancy than women. In contrast, women had a significantly shorter time to the first diagnosis of malignancy following a diagnosis of diabetes than men (13.79 ± 7.90 and 17.11 ± 8.50 years, respectively), although there was no marked difference in the age at the diagnosis of malignancy (67.39 ± 7.27 and 68.44 ± 6.62 years, respectively). Cox proportional hazard models revealed that increasing age, a history of drinking and a history of acute myocardial infarction were significantly associated with an increased risk of malignancy. This report may be of interest in that it provides valuable insight into which malignancies Japanese people with type 2 diabetes are likely to be at risk of develo** over time.

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Acknowledgements

The JDCP study is a Japan Diabetes Society (JDS)-initiated research project. The study was supported by a Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare grant-in-aid during the 2009–2010 period and then by JDS grants-in-aid from 2011 onwards. The project also has received research grants from the Manpei Suzuki Diabetes Foundation since 2006 to provide support in registry configuration that had to do with the data collection. The JDCP study investigators believe that the JDCP study will have relevant contributions to make toward preventing the onset or progression of diabetic complications only when they have completed the study with a high follow-up rate as a prospective observational study. The JDCP study investigators would like to thank all physicians and their staff at the 464 participating institutions for their cooperation and assistance in the conduct of the study. The JDCP study investigators also wish to extend their heartfelt thanks to diabetic patients from all parts of Japan for their participation in the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8641, Japan

    Kenji Yamashiro, Hiroshi Takahashi & Rimei Nishimura

  2. Department of Endocrinology, Tenri Hospital, Nara, Japan

    Yasuaki Hayashino

  3. The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan

    Hideki Origasa

  4. Department of Clinical Research Strategic Planning, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazuo Izumi

  5. Otemachi Place Medical Clinic, Tokyo, Japan

    Naoko Tajima

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  1. Kenji Yamashiro
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  2. Hiroshi Takahashi
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  4. Hideki Origasa
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  5. Kazuo Izumi
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Correspondence to Kenji Yamashiro.

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Conflict of interest

Rimei Nishimura received lecture fees from Sanofi K.K., Medtronic Japan, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lily Japan K.K., Nov Nordisk Pharma Ltd., MSD Co., Ltd., Astellas Pharma Inc., and Abbott Japan Co., Ltd., and scholarship endowments from Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., and Abbott Japan Co., Ltd. Kenji Yamashiro received scholarship endowments from Tei** Pharma Ltd. and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Hiroshi Takahashi received lecture meeting fees from Eli Lily Japan K.K.

Ethical consideration

In this study, the Declaration of Helsinki and the “Ethical Guidelines in Epidemiological Research” complied by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan (as applicable in the study period) [67] were followed to obtain informed consent from study participants, to protect their rights and welfare, and to protect them against any potential harm and risk associated with the conduct of the study. The informed consent form as part of the study protocol clearly stated that ophthalmologic and dental examinations were to be conducted as appropriate in routine care setting to ensure no additional time or financial burden on the part of the patient being examined. This study, currently registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network center (registry ID, UMIN000016519), was approved by the JDS Ethics Review Committee for Scientific Surveys and Studies and by the institutional review board (IRB) of each participating facility. An ad hoc ethics Committee was convened at the request of the principal investigator if the required review process was not feasible at any participating institution. Care was also taken to ensure that all data obtained from the study was anonymized in a linkable fashion to protect the privacy of all study participants.

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The Japan Diabetes Society launched the Diabetes Registry Configuration Committee to conduct the Japan Diabetes Complication and its Prevention prospective (JDCP) study, which reported, in Japanese, the results of a large-scale observational study to investigate the current status of diabetes complications and their prevention in Japan [1]. This is an English version of that report.

The authors have received approval for secondary publication of this position paper from the editors of both Journals.

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Yamashiro, K., Takahashi, H., Hayashino, Y. et al. A large-scale, observational study to investigate the current status of diabetes complication and their prevention in Japan: incidence/risk factors for malignancies during follow-up—JDCP study 11 (English version). Diabetol Int (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-024-00725-6

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