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Pauesia species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) attacking Eulachnini aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) on coniferous plants in Lithuania: ecological and mitochondrial COI diversity

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Abstract

Based on the original research data of 2018–2019, ten species of aphid parasitoids of the genus Pauesia (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) reared from 14 out of 27 available Eulachnini species (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) are listed for Lithuanian fauna, seven species being recorded for the first time. No parasitoids were found in colonies of aphid genus Eulachnus, despite having inspected 24 colonies of four species of this genus. Parasitoids for aphid species Cinara (Cinara) hyperophila and C. (C.) piniphila were recorded for the first time. New parasitoid species were recorded for aphid host species C. (C.) brauni, C. (C.) neubergi, C. (C.) pinea, C. (C.) pini, and C. (C.) pruinosa. Summarized information on the distribution and host specificity of Pauesia species in Lithuania is presented. Partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) for 98 parasitoid individuals were analyzed. DNA-based species delimitation by means of Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD), generalised mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) model, Poisson tree processes (PTP) model, and statistical parsimony network analysis (TCS) gave number of candidate species ranging from 11 to 15. The values of match ratio for each method were from 0.67 for PTP to 0.93 for GMYC. Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, and Bayesian Inference analyses confirmed the paraphyly of the parasitoid subgenus Paraphidius. Sequence divergences (p-distances, %) between the parasitoid species Pauesia jezoensis, P. pinicollis, P. cupressobii, and P. goidanichi were on the intraspecific level (0.62–1.14%). Molecular delimitation methods indicate possible existence of three species new to science.

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Acknowledgements

Our sincere gratitude goes to Dr. Petr Starý (Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech AS), who cheerfully encouraged this research. Dr. E. Davidian (All-Russia Research Institute for Plant Protection) kindly verified identification of Pauesia similis Starý, 1966. Administrations of Dubrava Arboretum, Botanical gardens of Vilnius University, Vytautas Magnus University, Klaipėda University, and Šiauliai University have kindly ensured aphid sampling in respective dendrological collections. Dovilė Andriulionienė and Lina & Ainis Pivorai have kindly supported field research of J. Danilov in western and north-eastern Lithuania respectively.

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This research was funded by grant no S-MIP-17–365 from the Research Council of Lithuania.

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  1. Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania

    Jekaterina Havelka, Jurij Danilov & Rimantas Rakauskas

  2. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NAS of Ukraine, Vul. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine

    Maryna Kaliuzhna

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Havelka, J., Kaliuzhna, M., Danilov, J. et al. Pauesia species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) attacking Eulachnini aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) on coniferous plants in Lithuania: ecological and mitochondrial COI diversity. Org Divers Evol 21, 561–573 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-021-00512-0

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