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Recent advances in Pt catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies fabrication for proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Abstract

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been identified as a highly promising means of achieving sustainable energy conversion. A crucial factor in enhancing the performance of PEMFCs for further potential energy applications is the advancement in the field of catalyst engineering that has led to remarkable performance enhancement in facilitating the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Subsequently, it is important to acknowledge that the techniques used in preparation of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs), the vital constituents of PEMFCs, also possess direct and critical influence on exhibiting the full catalytic activity of meticulously crafted catalysts. Here, a succinct summary of the most recent advancements in Pt catalysts for ORR was offered and their underly catalytic mechanism were discussed. Then, both laboratory-scale and industrial-scale MEA fabrication techniques of Pt catalysts were summarized. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the connections between materials, process, and performance in MEA fabrication was presented in order to facilitate the development of optimal catalyst layers.

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摘要

质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）被认为是实现可持续能源转换的极具前景的装置之一。催化剂活性直接影响着氧还原反应（ORR）速率，开发高活性催化剂是提高质子交换膜燃料电池性能，实现潜在能源应用的重要途径。此外，膜电极（MEA）作为PEMFC的重要组成部分，其制备技术对于催化剂活性的充分发挥具有关键影响。在此，本文总结了用于ORR的铂基催化剂的最新研究进展及其催化机理，介绍了实验室规模和工业规模的MEA制备技术，分析了MEA制备过程中材料、工艺和性能之间的联系，旨在促进高性能燃料电池的发展。

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [50]. Copyright 2012, Wiley–VCH. c Change of SA and MA at 0.93 V as a function of particle sizes; d dispersion and surface percentage of atoms on edges, where (111) and (100) facets as a function of particle sizes; e oxygen binding energy as a function of particle size. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [51]. Copyright 2011, American Chemical Society

Fig. 3

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [34]. Copyright 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 4

Reproduced with permission from Ref. [122]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. Different methods and related CL SEM images of d spray coating, e tape casting and f slot-die coating. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [125]. Copyright 2019, Elsevier. g, h CV curves and i Nyquist plots of MEAs with different PEMs fabricated by roll-to-roll slot-die coating method. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [126]. Copyright 2022, Elsevier

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51802059, 21905070 and 22075062), Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (Nos. JCYJ20210324120400002 and SGDX20210823103803017), the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (No. 2022CXGC010305), Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund (No. LBH-Z18066), Heilongjiang Touyan Team (No. HITTY-20190033), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. FRFCU5710051922), the High-Level Professional Team in Shenzhen (No. KQTD20210811090045006) and Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2022B1515120001).

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  1. Miao Ma and Li-**ao Shen have contributed equally to this work.

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  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China

    Miao Ma, Yun-Long Zhang, Lei Zhao & Zhen-Bo Wang

  2. College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China

    Li-**ao Shen

  3. Unipower Hydrogen Technology (Jiangsu) Corporation, Changzhou, 213176, China

    **g Liu & Bin Xu

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Ma, M., Shen, LX., Liu, J. et al. Recent advances in Pt catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies fabrication for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Rare Met. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-024-02698-6

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