Abstract
In order to study the pollution characteristics and main sources of fine particulate matter in the atmosphere of the city of Changchun, PM2.5 samples were collected during the four seasons in 2014, and representative months for each season are January, April, July, and October. Sample collection was carried out on 10 auto-monitoring stations in Changchun, and PM2.5 mass concentration and its chemical components (including inorganic elements, organic carbon, elemental carbon, and water-soluble ions) were measured. The results show that the annual average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Changchun in 2014 was about 66.77 μg/m3. Organic matter was the highest component in PM2.5, followed by secondary inorganic ions (SNA), mineral dust (MIN), elemental carbon (EC), and trace elements (TE). Positive matrix factorization (PMF) results gave seven factors, namely, industrial, biomass and coal burning, industrial and soil dust, motor vehicle, soil and secondary ion, light industrial, and hybrid automotive and industrial sources in PM2.5, with contributing values of 18.9%, 24.2%, 5.7%, 23.0%, 11.5%, 13.0%, and 3.6%, respectively.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Jilin environmental monitoring station for assistance regarding data sources and sampling.
Funding
This study was supported by Ecology and Environment Department of Jilin Province (NO. 2018–19 and 2019–08).
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ZY worked for the conceptualization, original draft writing, review and editing of the article. YT worked for field sampling and filter analysis. JW and JT worked on the data curation and methodology and also worked as supervisors and directors of this study.
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Tang, J., Yang, Z., Tui, Y. et al. Fine particulate matter pollution characteristics and source apportionment of Changchun atmosphere. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 12694–12705 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17690-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17690-1