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Characterization of two novel reassortant bluetongue virus serotype 1 strains isolated from farmed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Florida, USA

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Abstract

Hemorrhagic diseases caused by epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus or by bluetongue virus (BTV) are the most important orbivirus diseases affecting ruminants, including white-tailed deer (WTD). Bluetongue virus is of particular concern for farmed WTD in Florida, given its lethality and its wide distribution throughout the state. This study reports the clinical findings, ancillary diagnostics, and genomic characterization of two BTV serotype 1 strains isolated from two farmed WTD, from two different farms in Florida in 2019 and 2022. Phylogenetic and genetic analyses indicated that these two novel BTV-1 strains were reassortants. In addition, our analyses reveal that most genome segments of these strains were acquired from BTVs previously detected in ruminants in Florida, substantiating their endemism in the Southeastern U.S. Our findings underscore the need for additional research to determine the genetic diversity of BTV strains in Florida, their prevalence, and the potential risk of new BTV strains to WTD and other ruminants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Pedro H. O. Viadanna, Thomas B. Waltzek & Kuttichantran Subramaniam

  2. Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Pedro H. O. Viadanna, Savannah G. Grace, Tracey D. Logan, Emily DeRuyter, Julia C. Loeb, Kristen N. Wilson, Zoe S. White, John A. Lednicky, Thomas B. Waltzek, Samantha M. Wisely & Kuttichantran Subramaniam

  3. Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Savannah G. Grace, Kristen N. Wilson, Zoe S. White & Samantha M. Wisely

  4. Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Tracey D. Logan, Emily DeRuyter, Julia C. Loeb & John A. Lednicky

  5. Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Juan M. C. Krauer

  6. Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, 99164, Pullman, WA, USA

    Juan M. C. Krauer & Thomas B. Waltzek

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  1. Pedro H. O. Viadanna
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  2. Savannah G. Grace
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Contributions

Conceptualization: P.H.O.V.; S.M.W.; K.S.Methodology: P.H.O.V.; J.C.L.; Z.S.W.; J.A.L.; K.S.Formal analysis: P.H.O.V.; K.S.Investigation: P.H.O.V.; T.D.L.; E.D.; J.C.L.; K.N.W.; Z.S.W.Resources: S.M.W.; K.S.Writing - Original Draft: P.H.O.V.; S.G.G.; K.S.Writing - Review & Editing: P.H.O.V.; J.M.C.K.; J.A.L.; T.B.W.; S.M.W.; K.S.Visualization: P.H.O.V.Supervision: K.S.Project administration: S.M.W.; K.S.Funding acquisition: S.M.W.; K.S.

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Correspondence to Kuttichantran Subramaniam.

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Viadanna, P.H.O., Grace, S.G., Logan, T.D. et al. Characterization of two novel reassortant bluetongue virus serotype 1 strains isolated from farmed white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Florida, USA. Virus Genes 59, 732–740 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11262-023-02019-6

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