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LTLBC: a low-latency lightweight block cipher for internet of things

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Abstract

The low-latency property is becoming increasingly crucial in response to the demand for data processing in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment, especially in lightweight cryptography. A low-latency lightweight block cipher called LTLBC is proposed in this paper. In particular, we propose a hybrid approach of word-wise involutive map** and a bit-wise permutation, with careful selection of the shift and permutation parameters. This scheme enables LTLBC to achieve better diffusion than Midori and MANTIS. Also, a \(4\times 4\) S-box which is constructed through a gate-level bottom-up circuit search has good security and latency characteristics. LTLBC mainly focuses on the hardware environment of fully unrolled architecture. LTLBC achieves a minimum latency of around 4.73 ns, with a total area of only 10007.6 \(\mu m^2\) based on NanGate 45nm technology. The comprehensive safety analysis shows LTLBC has sufficient redundancy rounds to resist attacks, such as differential cryptanalysis, linear cryptanalysis, impossible differential cryptanalysis, etc.

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Notes

  1. More rounds (\(n\ge 6\)) cannot be solved due to the long-running time of the bit-wise MILP model.

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Funding

This research is supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China ( 2022JJ30103 ), " the 14th Five Year Plan " Key Disciplines and Application-oriented Special Disciplines of Hunan Province ( **angjiaotong [2022] 351 ), the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province ( 2016TP1020 ).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Computer Science and Technology, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, 421002, China

    Wei Sun, Lang Li & **antong Huang

  2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Application, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, 421002, China

    Wei Sun, Lang Li & **antong Huang

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  1. Wei Sun
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  2. Lang Li
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Correspondence to Lang Li.

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Appendix A: Test Vectors

Appendix A: Test Vectors

The test vectors of LTLBC (in hex notation) are given in Table 12.

Table 12 The test vectors of LTLBC
Full size table

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Sun, W., Li, L. & Huang, X. LTLBC: a low-latency lightweight block cipher for internet of things. Cluster Comput (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10586-024-04476-6

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