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Fabrication of a porphyrin-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of nitric oxide released by cancer cells

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Abstract

In this report 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-methoxyphenyl)porphyrin (H2TMPP) has been used as electrode material for an easy and direct detection of NO in cancer cells using different electrochemical techniques. Cyclic voltammograms of H2TMPP-modified GCE in aqueous electrolyte showed oxidation peaks at 0.5 and 0.73 V and reduction peak at 0.64 V and a small peak at 0.4 V which are attributed to the redox processes of the system. The anodic and cathodic peak currents were proportional to the square root of the scan rate indicating a diffusion controlled mechanism. The H2TMPP-modified GC electrode exhibits a good stability after several circles. The fabricated electrode system was used to probe the concentration change of NO in HeLa cells using chronoamperometry. The NO sensor registered an amperometric current sensitivity of 0.0138 nA/μL with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.99571 in the presence of extracellular NO released upon activation of HeLa cells. Via confocal laser scanning microscopy, it has been demonstrated that H2TMPP could be used as a fluorescent indicator for cell imaging.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (Research Unit 1154 “Towards Molecular Spintronics“) and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (FCI) for generous financial support. SC thanks Alexander von Humboldt foundation and Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for providing Humboldt Fellowship and Women scientist award, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400026, India

    Sudeshna Chandra & Dhirendra Bahadur

  2. Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107, Chemnitz, Germany

    Sudeshna Chandra, Carola Mende, Alexander Hildebrandt & Heinrich Lang

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  1. Sudeshna Chandra
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  2. Carola Mende
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  3. Dhirendra Bahadur
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Correspondence to Sudeshna Chandra, Dhirendra Bahadur or Heinrich Lang.

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Chandra, S., Mende, C., Bahadur, D. et al. Fabrication of a porphyrin-based electrochemical biosensor for detection of nitric oxide released by cancer cells. J Solid State Electrochem 19, 169–177 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2583-z

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