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In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Endolichenic Fungi Isolated from Genus Parmotrema

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Abstract

The endolichenic fungi are an unexplored group of organisms for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. The aim of the present study is to determine the antibacterial potential of endolichenic fungi isolated from genus Parmotrema. The study is continuation of our previous work, wherein a total of 73 endolichenic fungi were isolated from the lichenized fungi, which resulted in 47 species under 23 genera. All the isolated endolichenic fungi were screened for preliminary antibacterial activity. Five endolichenic fungi—Daldinia eschscholtzii, Nemania diffusa, Preussia sp., Trichoderma sp. and Xylaria feejeensis, were selected for further antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. The zone of inhibition ranged from 14.3 ± 0.1 to 23.2 ± 0.1. The chemical composition of the selected endolichenic fungi was analysed through GC–MS, which yielded a total of 108 compounds from all the selected five endolichenic fungi. Diethyl phthalate, 1-hexadecanol, dibutyl phthalate, n-tetracosanol-1, 1-nonadecene, pyrrol[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methyl) and tetratetracontane were found to be common compounds among one or the other endolichenic fungi, which possibly were responsible for antibacterial activity. GC–MS data were further analysed through Principal Component Analysis which showed D. eschscholtzii to be with unique pattern of expression of metabolites. Compound confirmation test revealed coumaric acid to be responsible for antibacterial activity in D. eschscholtzii. So, the study proves that endolichenic fungi that inhabit lichenized fungal thalli could be a source of potential antibacterial compounds.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by financial assistance from CSIR, New Delhi, India in the form of research fellowship. The authors are grateful to the Director, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow for providing essential laboratory facilities under in-house project OLP 0114. The manuscript number of the institute is CSIR-NBRI_MS/2023/04/07.

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  1. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India

    Jyotsna Chakarwarti, Vandana Anand, Sanjeeva Nayaka & Suchi Srivastava

  2. Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Jyotsna Chakarwarti & Sanjeeva Nayaka

  3. Plant Ecology and Environmental Technologies Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Suchi Srivastava

  4. Department of Botany, IFTM University, Moradabad, 244102, India

    Vandana Anand

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Chakarwarti, J., Anand, V., Nayaka, S. et al. In vitro Antibacterial Activity and Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Endolichenic Fungi Isolated from Genus Parmotrema. Curr Microbiol 81, 195 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-024-03719-4

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