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Comprehensive insights on treatment modalities with conventional and herbal drugs for the treatment of duodenal ulcers

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Abstract

Areas of the body accessible to gastric secretions, such as the stomach and duodenum, are most commonly damaged by circumscribed lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Peptic ulcer disease is the term for this illness (PUD). About 80% of peptic ulcers are duodenal ulcers, with stomach ulcers accounting for the remaining 20%. Duodenal ulcers are linked to the two primary results about Helicobacter pylori infection and COX inhibitor users. Additional causes might include drinking, smoking, stress, and coffee consumption. The indications and symptoms of a duodenal ulcer depend on the patient's age and the lesion's location. For duodenal ulcers, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the usual course of treatment. This comprehensive study included an in-depth literature search in the literature and methods section using electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search method included publications published from the inception of the relevant database to the present. Inclusion criteria included studies investigating different treatment options for duodenal ulcer disease, including traditional pharmacotherapy and naturopathic treatments. Data mining includes information on treatment techniques, treatment outcomes, and possible synergies between conventional and herbal treatments. In addition, this review critically examines the available information on the effectiveness, safety, and possible side effects of different treatments. The inclusion of conventional and herbal treatments is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the many treatment options available for duodenal ulcer disease. A more comprehensive and personalized treatment plan can be achieved by incorporating dietary changes, lifestyle modifications, and, if necessary, herbal therapies to complement other treatments normally.

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Data availability

All the data is contained in the manuscript.

Abbreviations

CAT:

Catalase

EGF:

Epidermal growth factor

GSH:

Glutathione

H2R antagonists:

Histamine 2 receptor antagonists

H. pylori :

Helicobacter pylori

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

LPO:

Lactoperoxidase

LOX:

Lipoxygenase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

NF-kB:

Nuclear factor-kappa B

PUD:

Peptic ulcer disease

PPI:

Proton pump inhibitor

PG:

Polyglacturonase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

XO:

Xanthine oxidase

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Acknowledgements

Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and the graphical abstract in this paper were made with the assistance of biorender.com.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan

    Huma Hameed, Jahangir Hussain, Muhammad Zaman, Ali Hamza, Irsa Sajjad & Faria Asad

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal

    Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos

  3. REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal

    Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos

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Huma Hameed and Jahangir Hussain had the idea for the article. Huma Hameed, Jahangir Hussain, and Ali Hamza performed the literature search and finished the manuscript. Irsa Sajjad and Faria Asad worked on figures and tables. Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos and Muhammad Zaman made critical revisions and proofread the manuscript. The authors confirm that no paper mill and artificial intelligence was used.

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Hameed, H., Hussain, J., Cláudia Paiva-Santos, A. et al. Comprehensive insights on treatment modalities with conventional and herbal drugs for the treatment of duodenal ulcers. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-024-03178-5

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