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Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of TiO2 nanoparticle and Ganoderma lucidum extract against biofilm-producing bacteria isolated from clinical samples

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Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens leads to treatment failure. So, the need for new antibacterial drugs is urgent. We evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) and Ganoderma extract against biofilm-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by microbroth dilution and crystal violet assays. The combined effect of these compounds was studied using the checkerboard method. The OD260 was measured to assess the destruction of the membrane permeability. The expression of biofilm-related genes (iacA and algD) was investigated by real-time PCR. MRSA isolate was more susceptible to test compounds. The OD260 increased and algD gene was down-regulated after treatment with TiO2 NPs and a combination of TiO2 NPs and Ganoderma extract. iacA gene did not affect by test compounds. Overall, these findings revealed that nanoparticles and natural substances might represent the potential candidates to develop promising antibacterial agents, especially against Gram-positive bacteria.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran for financial supports

Funding

Kashan University of Medical Sciences supported the present study (Grant no. 99230). The support of other organizations was not used in this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

    Zeynab Marzhoseyni, Somaye Rashki & Ali Nazari-Alam

  2. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

    Ali Nazari-Alam

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  1. Zeynab Marzhoseyni
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  2. Somaye Rashki
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Contributions

Research work design was performed by NA-A and ZM]. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by [ZM and SR]. The first draft of the manuscript was written by [ZM and NA-A] and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ali Nazari-Alam.

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Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt.

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Marzhoseyni, Z., Rashki, S. & Nazari-Alam, A. Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of TiO2 nanoparticle and Ganoderma lucidum extract against biofilm-producing bacteria isolated from clinical samples. Arch Microbiol 205, 59 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-023-03403-4

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