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Fine map** of the Rrs1 resistance locus against scald in two large populations derived from Spanish barley landraces

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In two Spanish barley landraces with outstanding resistance to scald, the Rrs1 Rh4 locus was fine mapped including all known markers used in previous studies and closely linked markers were developed.

Abstract

Scald, caused by Rhynchosporium commune, is one of the most prevalent barley diseases worldwide. A search for new resistance sources revealed that Spanish landrace-derived lines SBCC145 and SBCC154 showed outstanding resistance to scald. They were crossed to susceptible cultivar Beatrix to create large DH-map** populations of 522 and 416 DH lines that were scored for disease resistance in the greenhouse using two R. commune isolates. To ascertain the pattern of resistance, parents and reference barley lines with known scald resistance were phenotyped with a panel of differential R. commune isolates. Subpopulations were genotyped with the Illumina GoldenGate 1,536 SNP Assay and a large QTL in the centromeric region of chromosome 3H, known to harbour several scald resistance genes and/or alleles, was found in both populations. Five SNP markers closest to the QTL were converted into CAPS markers. These CAPS markers, together with informative SSR markers used in other scald studies, confirmed the presence of the Rrs1 locus. The panel of differential scald isolates indicated that the allele carried by both donors was Rrs1 Rh4 . The genetic distance between Rrs1 and its flanking markers was 1.2 cM (11_0010) proximally and 0.9 cM (11_0823) distally, which corresponds to a distance of just below 9 Mbp. The number and nature of scald resistance genes on chromosome 3H are discussed. The effective Rrs1 allele found and the closely linked markers developed are already useful tools for molecular breeding programs and provide a good step towards the identification of candidate genes.

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Abbreviations

SBCC:

Spanish barley core collection

SARDI:

South Australian Research and Development Institute

BOPA1:

Barley oligonucleotid pool assay

Rs:

Rhynchosporium secalis

DH:

Doubled haploid

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the German BMELV and BLE through the project “Rhynchosporium secalis-resistance” in barley (project 28-1-41.009-06) and PLANT KBBE II “ExpResBar” AZ 0315702C and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (projects GEN2006-28560-E, AGL2007-63625, RFP2012-00015-00-00 and PLANT KBBE “ExpResBar”, EUI2009-04075) and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund. CS held an I3P contract from CSIC. BCM is supported by Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain. Barley-SSR markers were kindly provided by Andreas Graner and Marion Röder, IPK Gatersleben. Isolates UK7 and AU2 were kindly provided by W. Knogge, Leibnitz Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Halle. The authors would like to thank Alfred Barth and Alexandra Jestadt for the high level of commitment in the laboratory, greenhouse and field and Carlos P. Cantalapiedra for assistance in the work with the physical map of barley. The Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) and SARDI funded the work in Australia.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Author notes

  1. Cristina Silvar

    Present address: Department of Animal and Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Spain

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding, 85354, Freising, Germany

    Kerstin Hofmann, Markus Herz, Bianca Büttner & Günther Schweizer

  2. Department of Genetics and Plant Production, Aula Dei Experimental Station, CSIC, 50059, Zaragoza, Spain

    Cristina Silvar, Ana M. Casas, M. Pilar Gracia, Bruno Contreras-Moreira & Ernesto Igartua

  3. Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain

    Bruno Contreras-Moreira

  4. Plant Research Centre, South Australian Research and Development Institute, SARDI, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia

    Hugh Wallwork

  5. School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia

    Hugh Wallwork

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Communicated by P. M. Hayes.

K. Hofmann and C. Silvar contributed equally to this publication.

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Figure S1 Response of SBCC145 × Beatrix and SBCC154 × Beatrix DH lines to R. commune isolates 271 and LfL07 for the subpopulations genotyped with BOPA1 (n = 190/SBCC145 × Beatrix, n = 168/SBCC154 × Beatrix). The Jackson and Webster (1976) scale extended by half steps was used. In addition occurrence of the marker allele of 11_0205 is shown (red “SBCCxxx”, blue “Beatrix” - allele). Black vertical arrows indicate mean disease scores, red vertical arrows the resistant parent SBCC145 or SBCC154 respectively and blue vertical arrows the susceptible parent Beatrix. A) SBCC145 × Beatrix, isolate 271. B) SBCC154 × Beatrix, isolate 271. C) SBCC145 × Beatrix, isolate LfL07. D) SBCC154 × Beatrix, isolate LfL07.

Figure S2 Genetic map of the population SBCC154 x Beatrix, genotyped with BOPA1.

Figure S3 MQM LOD scans for resistance scores to R. commune isolates 271 and LfL07 in 190 DH lines of SBCC145 × Beatrix and 168 DH lines of SBCC154 × Beatrix. The horizontal dotted lines and the numbers above them indicate the significance threshold for QTL detection based on an experiment-wise error rate of less than 5 %, estimated with 1,000 permutations.

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Hofmann, K., Silvar, C., Casas, A.M. et al. Fine map** of the Rrs1 resistance locus against scald in two large populations derived from Spanish barley landraces. Theor Appl Genet 126, 3091–3102 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-013-2196-4

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