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Seasonal and Spatial Variation of Nitrogen Oxide Fluxes from Human-Disturbance Coastal Wetland in the Yellow River Estuary

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Abstract

Anthropogenic activities strongly affect greenhouse gases emissions in coastal wetland. In situ field study was conducted to explore the effects of anthropogenic activities on the N2O emissions, used static, manual stainless steel chambers in four seriously disturbed coastal wetlands (west side of the seawall, WSS; oil field existed, OF; Spartina alterniflora coastal marsh, SCM; and aquaculture pond, ACP) in the Yellow River estuary. Results showed that N2O emissions showed significant seasonal variation (p < 0.05). The maximum values were found in August at WSS and ACP, in December and April at SCM and OF, while minimal values were observed in April, February, October, and August, respectively. The annual average N2O fluxes from WSS, OF, SCM, and ACP were 13.24, 9.83, 8.11 and 2.70 μg N2O m−2 h−1, and the variance analysis results showed that the difference between WSS and ACP reached significant level (p < 0.05). For each month, significant differences were observed between WSS and ACP during June, December and February, WSS and SCM during October, and SCM and ACP during December (p < 0.05). Basing on previous natural wetland measurements, we found that seawall construction and S. alterniflora invasion significantly affected the N2O fluxes in the Yellow River estuary, especially seawall construction which accelerated N2O emissions due to its block of seawater migration, resulting in changes of soil physicochemical properties. Pearson correction analysis showed that significant correlations were observed between N2O emissions and electrical conductivity at WSS and OF, while other environmental factors (temperature, water content, total carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio) had no significant effect, which indicated that electrical conductivity was the most important factor that affected N2O emissions in these sampling sites. Our results suggested that there could be considerable changes of N2O emissions as a response of artificial disturbance, particularly seawall construction.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41601086; 41601283) and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2016DB05), National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB430401).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, Shandong, China

    Hongli Song, Wanni Yu & Lizhi Wang

  2. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China

    Hongli Song & **ngtu Liu

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  1. Hongli Song
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Correspondence to **ngtu Liu.

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Song, H., Liu, X., Yu, W. et al. Seasonal and Spatial Variation of Nitrogen Oxide Fluxes from Human-Disturbance Coastal Wetland in the Yellow River Estuary. Wetlands 38, 945–955 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1043-4

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