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Landscape dynamics and human disturbance processes in wetlands in a mining city: a case study in Huaibei, China

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Abstract

Wetlands are fragile ecosystems that are sensitive to human activities. In mining cities with high groundwater tables, underground mining, urbanization, and land reclamation cause severe disturbance to wetland landscape patterns, which poses a serious threat to the integrity and sustainability of the regional wetland ecosystems. This paper extracted the dynamic patterns of wetlands in Huaibei, China, from the Landsat TM/ETM remote sensing images with a time duration of 30 years from 1991 to 2021. The land-use transfer matrix and the landscape metrics were used to analyze the dynamic evolution of the wetland landscape patterns in this typical mining city. Afterwards, the human disturbance changes in the wetlands during the past 30 years were analyzed by the human disturbance transformation index (HTI). The correlation between the HTI and the changes in the landscape metrics were analyzed to reflect the influences of different human disturbance mechanisms on the evolution of the wetland landscape patterns. The results indicated that the wetland areas gradually increased with rising human disturbance levels from 1991 to 2021. However, the wetland landscape patterns showed a trend of declining landscape connectivity and fragmentation. The human disturbance levels to the wetlands were found significantly increased from 1991 to 2005 and from 2010 to 2015, and declined from 2005 to 2010 and from 2015 to 2021. The correlation between the HTI and landscape metrics indicates that current ecological restoration planning has limitations in improving the wetland landscape patterns. In the future, it is necessary to formulate systematic wetland landscape patterns restoration planning that covers the overall area according to the evolutionary trend of wetlands.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. All authors have read, understood, and have complied as applicable with the statement on “Ethical responsibilities of Authors” as found in the Instructions for Authors and are aware that with minor exceptions, no changes can be made to authorship once the paper is submitted.

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, grant number 52208091; the Xuzhou Science and Technology Planning Project, grant number KC21145; and Humanities and Social Sciences planning fund of the Ministry of Education of China, grant number 18YJAZH062.

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  1. School of Architecture and Design, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China

    Shiyuan Zhou, Jiang Chang, **jia Luo, Yuan Kang & Sha Li

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  1. Shiyuan Zhou
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  2. Jiang Chang
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Contributions

Shiyuan Zhou contributed to the research conception and wrote the major manuscript. Jiang Chang and **jia Luo revised the core structure and the main findings. Yuan Kang contributed in data collection and interpretation. Sha Li proofed the research data and the English wording. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shiyuan Zhou.

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Zhou, S., Chang, J., Luo, P. et al. Landscape dynamics and human disturbance processes in wetlands in a mining city: a case study in Huaibei, China. Environ Monit Assess 195, 192 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10795-1

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