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Mimicking Human Kidney: Research Towards Better Solutions for Kidney Failure

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Modern Techniques in Biosensors

Part of the book series: Studies in Systems, Decision and Control ((SSDC,volume 327))

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Abstract

The human body is a highly sophisticated machine that is not fully understood to date. The body function is highly dependent on the versatile functions performed by different organs, which have their diverse arrangement of cells. Every organ (perhaps every body part) is prone to damage and malfunction because of the topological conditions, lifestyle, habitats, and food chemicals. Hel** humans to lead an easy, luxurious, and healthy life are the primary goal of any technology, especially extending human life is the ultimate target of medical instrumentation. The importance of develo** innovative techniques for disease diagnosis and treatment are burning topics since the start of the medical and pharmaceutical industry. Kidney failure is one of the common health issues worldwide, which is a slow poison affecting 10% of the world population. The importance of replacing the kidney is essential to extend a patient life. This review focuses on Organ-on-Chip technology with a major focus on Kidney-on-Chip (KOC). The evolution of techniques to diagnose and treat organ failure is elaborately presented. Major emphasis solely on the development of kidney failure causes, diagnostic techniques, replacement techniques are reported with a timeline of developments. The major functions of the kidney that have been achieved artificially so far are reviewed to the deepest level. The future directions in this field are predicted and presented. MEMS and microfluidics allow the design and manufacturing of devices at microscale without compromising the actual functionalities, especially in terms of disease diagnosis and treatment. Microfluidics technology revolutionized the development of artificial organ industry, the chances of realizing an organ substantially improved.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National MEMS Design Centre, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India

    Jasti Sateesh & Koushik Guha

  2. RG Stone Urology & Laparoscopic Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Arindam Dutta

  3. Belle Vue Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Pratim Sengupta

  4. Smart Sensors Area and Head, Nano Biosensors Group, CSIR-CEERI, Pilani, Rajasthan, India

    Ajay Agarwal

  5. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MEMS Research Centre, KLEF, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

    K. Srinivasa Rao

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  1. Jasti Sateesh
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Correspondence to Koushik Guha .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India

    Gorachand Dutta

  2. School of Mines and Metallurgy, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, West Bengal, India

    Arindam Biswas

  3. A. K. Choudhury School of Information Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Amlan Chakrabarti

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Sateesh, J., Guha, K., Dutta, A., Sengupta, P., Agarwal, A., Srinivasa Rao, K. (2021). Mimicking Human Kidney: Research Towards Better Solutions for Kidney Failure. In: Dutta, G., Biswas, A., Chakrabarti, A. (eds) Modern Techniques in Biosensors. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, vol 327. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9612-4_14

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