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Plant Flavonoids in Health, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Diseases

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Nutritional Antioxidant Therapies: Treatments and Perspectives

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Abstract

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, principally cardiovascular disease (CVDs), diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, continue to be a burden for health systems in both developed and develo** countries. NCDs and their complications are responsible for an increased number of deaths and expensive medical costs. These and other factors make the prevention of NCDs an extremely high priority for clinical medicine and public health. Flavonoids are a group of bioactive compounds that are widely distributed in many plant-based foods and beverages. Epidemiological studies support the important role of high flavonoid intake in the prevention of a number of NCDs, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVDs, cataract, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Moreover, in vitro and animal studies report important roles of flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, hesperitin, and luteolin, in the treatment of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and also cancer. Dietary flavonoids exert their cardioprotective effects by regulating blood pressure, protecting against oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced damage, and providing antiplatelet effects. Furthermore, they may protect the nervous system through the reduction of neuroinflammation and axonal damage. Anticancer actions of flavonoids depend on their ability to inactivate carcinogens and to enhance DNA repair processes. Flavonoids exert antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects through their free radical scavenging properties; therefore, they play important roles in the prevention of metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, glucose intolerance, inflammation, and oxidative stress. There is a growing body of evidence that diets rich in flavonoids are beneficial for improved health and prevention of NCDs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

    Aleksandra Kozłowska

  2. Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

    Dorota Szostak-Węgierek

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  1. Aleksandra Kozłowska
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Correspondence to Aleksandra Kozłowska .

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  1. National Institute for Agricultural Research, Jouy-en-Josas, France

    Kaïs Hussain Al-Gubory

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeut, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Kozłowska, A., Szostak-Węgierek, D. (2017). Plant Flavonoids in Health, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. In: Al-Gubory, K., Laher, I. (eds) Nutritional Antioxidant Therapies: Treatments and Perspectives. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67625-8_14

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