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Marine Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Uses

Chitin, Chitosan, Alginate, and Carrageenan

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Polysaccharides of Microbial Origin

Abstract

Marine offers varied ingenious biomolecules, like polyethers, lipoglycoproteins, and polysaccharides executing native bio-functions including tissue-receptor, cell-growth/separation, antimicrobials, antifungal, and antiviral. Marine domain is emergent via biotechnology progresses and manageable in-vitro microorganism growth through assorted plants, animals, and micro-organisms (bacteria, algae, fungi, sponge, seaweed). Marine algae alone are richest source of many polysaccharides: chitin, chitosan, agar, alginate, and carrageenan’s. Marine polysaccharide are favored by multi-disciplinary fields including cell-science, biotechnology, biomedicals, pharmaceutics, medicines, and nano-engineering due to unique features like stability, economy, abundance, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. Chitin, chitosan, agar, and carrageenan cater 50% marketed formulations such as nano-particles, scaffolds, membranes, and gels to combat various ailments, like cancers, microbial-infections, and injuries. This chapter spotlight current facts/findings with respect to production, physicochemical characteristics, bioactivity, discovery and novel utility of agar, alginate chitin/chitosan, and carrageenan in pharmaceutics. Especially focus on bio-appealing strategies like skeletal alteration, matrix-formation, and cross-linking of marine polysaccharides in pharmaceutics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, India

    Rajendra Sukhjadeorao Dongre

Authors
  1. Rajendra Sukhjadeorao Dongre
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

    Joaquim Miguel Oliveira

  2. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

    Hajer Radhouani

  3. 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

    Rui L. Reis

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Dongre, R.S. (2022). Marine Polysaccharides in Pharmaceutical Uses. In: Oliveira, J.M., Radhouani, H., Reis, R.L. (eds) Polysaccharides of Microbial Origin. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42215-8_43

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