Herpesvirus Mutagenesis Facilitated by Infectious Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (iBACs)

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1227))

Abstract

A critical factor in the study of herpesviruses, their genes and gene functions is the capacity to derive mutants that harbor deletions, truncations, or insertions within the genetic elements of interest. Once constructed the impact of the introduced mutation on the phenotypic properties of the rescued virus can be determined in either in vitro or in vivo systems. However, the construction of such mutants by traditional virological mutagenesis techniques can be a difficult and laborious undertaking. The maintenance of a viral genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (iBAC), however, endows the capacity to manipulate the viral genome for mutagenesis studies with relative ease. Here, the construction and characterization of two gene deletion mutants of an alphaherpesvirus maintained as iBAC in combination with an inducible homologous recombination system in Escherichia coli is detailed. The methodology is generally applicable to any iBAC and is demonstrated to be a highly efficient and informative approach for mutant virus construction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
EUR 44.95
Price includes VAT (France)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 85.59
Price includes VAT (France)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 116.04
Price includes VAT (France)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
EUR 105.49
Price includes VAT (France)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Messerle M, Crnkovic I, Hammerschmidt W, Ziegler H, Koszinowski UH (1997) Cloning and mutagenisis of a herpesvirus genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:14759–14763

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Borst E, Hahn G, Koszinowski UH, Messerle M (1999) Cloning of the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome in Escherichia coli: a new approach for construction of HCMV mutants. J Virol 73:8320–8329

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Schumacher D, Karsten Tischer B, Fuchs Wosterrieder N (2000) Reconstitiution of Mareks disease virus serotype 1 (MDV-1) from DNA cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome and characterisation of a glycoprotein B-negative MDV-1 mutant. J Virol 74:11088–11098

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Mahony TJ, McCarthy FM, Gravel JL, West L, Young PL (2002) Construction and manipulation of an infectious clone of the bovine herpesvirus 1 genome maintained as a bacterial artificial chromosome. J Virol 76:6660–6668

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Chang WLW, Barry PA (2003) Cloning of the full-length Rhesus cytomegalovirus genome as an infectious and self-excisable bacterial artificial chromosome for analysis of viral pathogenesis. J Virol 77:5073–5083

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Gillet L, Daix V, Donofrio G, Wagner M, Koszinowski UH, China B, Ackermann M, Markine-Goriaynoff N, Vanderplasschen A (2005) Development of bovine herpesvirus 4 as an expression vector using bacterial artificial chromosome cloning. J Gen Virol 86:907–917

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hansen K, Napier I, Koen M, Bradford S, Messerle M, Bell E, Seshadri L, Stokes HW, Birch D, Whalley JM (2006) In vitro transposon mutagenesis of an equine herpesvirus 1 genome cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome. Arch Virol V151:2389–2405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Schwyzer M, Ackermann M (1996) Molecular virology of ruminant herpesviruses. Vet Microbiol 53:17–29

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gibbs EPJ, Rweyemamu MM (1977) Bovine herpesvirus. Part 1. Vet Bull 47:317–343

    Google Scholar 

  10. Muylkens B, Thiry J, Kirten P, Schynts F, Thiry E (2007) Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. Vet Res 38:181–209

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Robinson KE, Meers J, Gravel JL, McCarthy FM, Mahony TJ (2008) The essential and non-essential genes of Bovine herpesvirus 1. J Gen Virol 89:2851–2863

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Narayanan K, Williamson R, Zhang Y, Stewart AF, Ioannou PA (1999) Efficient and precise engineering of a 200 kb β-globin human/bacterial artificial chromosome in E. coli DH10B using an inducible homologous recombination system. Gene Ther 6:442–447

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Jamsai D, Nefedov M, Narayanan K, Orford M, Fucharoen S, Williamson R, Ioannou PA (2003) Insertion of common mutations into the human β-globin locus using GET reecombination and an Eco RI endonuclease counterselection cassette. J Biotech 101:1–9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Nefedov M, Williamson R, Ioannou PA (2000) Insertion of disease-causing mutations in BACs by homologous recombination in Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res 28:e79

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Butchi NB, Jones C, Perez S, Doster A, Chowdhury SI (2007) Envelope protein US9 is required for the anterograde transport of bovine herpesvirus type 1 from trigeminal ganglia to nose and eye upon reactivation. J Neurovirol 13:384–388

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Altschul SF, Madden TL, Schäffer AA, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Miller W, Lipman DJ (1997) Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res 25:3389–3402

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Lovato L, Inman M, Henderson G, Doster A, Jones C (2003) Infection of cattle with a bovine herpesvirus 1 strain that contains a mutation in the latency-related gene leads to increased apoptosis in trigeminal ganglia during the transition from acute infection to latency. J Virol 77:4848–4857

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Sambrook J, Russell DW (2001) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. Cold Springs Harbour Laboratory Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  19. Stavropoulos TA, Strathdee CA (1998) An enhanced packaging system for helper-dependent herpes simplex virus vectors. J Virol 72:7137–7143

    PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Timothy J. Mahony .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Robinson, K.E., Mahony, T.J. (2015). Herpesvirus Mutagenesis Facilitated by Infectious Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (iBACs). In: Narayanan, K. (eds) Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1227. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1652-8_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1652-8_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1651-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1652-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation