Abstract
Lipids are a unique group of molecules that universally exist in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes; however, they were least investigated biomolecules owing to their water-insoluble nature. However, this scenario has been changing in the last few decades of intensive research which unraveled diverse roles played by them in a wide variety of biological processes in all spectrum of life. Notwithstanding a common footprint of lipids that exists in most organisms, there are specific lipid molecules, which are characteristic of a system. Coinciding with the development of separation and high-throughput analytical tools, we are able to detect minor lipids which otherwise remained undetected. We now know that each type of phosphoglycerides or sphingolipids is enriched with a host of molecular species imparting additional dynamism to lipid composition. These lipid changes regulate membrane homeostasis, which in turn affects the physiological functions. This chapter provides a background of lipids that are present in biological systems. Since there exists a vast amount of literature on lipid metabolism of various organisms, we will only limit our discussion to yeast systems.
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Acknowledgments
We thank grants to RP from DBT No. BT/01/CEIB/10/III/02, BT/PR7392/MED/29/652/2012 and BT/PR14117/BRB/10/1420/2015. We thank financial assistance to AS from ICMR No. 52/08/2019-BMS and University of Lucknow, Lucknow. AS thanks Amity University, Haryana for inviting for a mini sabbatical and support therein. AB acknowledges the financial support from SERB Grant no. SRG/2019/000514.
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There is no financial and competing interest.
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RP, AB, AK, and AS wrote the manuscript.
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Kumar, A., Banerjee, A., Singh, A., Prasad, R. (2020). Background of Membrane Lipids. In: Prasad, R., Singh, A. (eds) Analysis of Membrane Lipids. Springer Protocols Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0631-5_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0631-5_1
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