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Environmental Oxidative Stress – Environmental Sources of ROS
Environmental factors are known sources for oxidative stress. In consequence of the numerous influences that define our environment, environmental...
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Endogenous Oxidant-Generating Systems
Although organisms respiring air oxygen use their energy sources in an optimal way they are threatened by the compulsory formation of reactive oxygen...
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Low Molecular Weight Antioxidants
Low molecular weight antioxidants are an important part of the antioxidative defense mechanisms of cells and organisms. This chapter gives a short...
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Modulation of Cellular Signaling Processes by Reactive Oxygen Species
Exposure of cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS) may result not only in cell death by excessive oxidation of biomolecules but also cause the...
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Glutathione
Glutathione is the most abundant non-protein thiol in cells. It is a tripeptide with two important structural features: the thiol group and the...
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The Broad Spectrum of Responses to Oxidative Stress in Proliferating Cells
Proliferating mammalian cells exhibit a broad spectrum of responses to oxidative stress, depending on the stress level encountered. Very low levels...
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Pesticides in the Great Lakes
Pesticides have been widely and heavily used in agriculture in the Great Lakes Basin (approximately 93000 tons were used in 1995 alone). Herbicides...
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Somatic and Zygotic Embryogenesis in Avocado
Avocado is a species widely cultivated for its highly nutritious fruit. Currently, soil-borne diseases such as Phytophthora root rot are severe...
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Genomic and Molecular Analyses of Transporters in the Male Gametophyte
The major events of male reproductive development and function have been known for years, but the molecular and cellular bases of these processes...
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Differential Gene Expression During Somatic Embryogenesis
Somatic embryogenesis is a complex developmental program in which somatic cells are induced for a commitment towards forming totipotent...
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Embryogenesis in Catharanthus roseus: Roles of Some External Factors in Proliferation, Maturation and Germination of Embryos
Catharanthus roseus is an important medicinal plant that contains two well-known anticancerous alkaloids, vincristine and vinblastine. Cell...
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Participation of Plant Hormones in Determination and Progression of Somatic Embryogenesis
In vitro culture protocols have been developed for many species, mainly using empirical approaches, to induce somatic embryogenesis from various...
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Brominated Flame Retardants in the Great Lakes
Brominated flame retardants in the Great Lakes have not been as well studied as many of the polychlorinated pollutants, especially PCBs, but in the...
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Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Great Lakes
This chapter reviews the scientific understanding of the concentrations, trends, and cycling of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Great...
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Rab GTPases in Plant Endocytosis
The Rab family is part of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. In eukaryotes Rab GTPases are present as members of gene families, and the...
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Methods and Molecular Tools for Studying Endocytosis in Plants---an Overview
Proteins of the endocytosis machinery in plants, such as clathrin and adaptor proteins, were isolated and characterized using combinations of...
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Storage Proteins and Peroxidase Activity During Zygotic and Somatic Embryogenesis of Firs (Abies sp.)
Somatic embryogenesis was initiated from immature embryos of Abies concolor (Gord. et Glend), A. numidica De Lann. and A. cilicica Carr., A....
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Protein Markers for Somatic Embryogenesis
The capacity for somatic embryogenesis is a remarkable property of plant cells. Somatic embryogenesis is the process by which somatic cells...
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Somatic Embryogenesis in Rose: Gene Expression and Genetic Transformation
Induction of somatic embryogenesis in roses involves several critical steps requiring specific tissue culture media compositions and particular...
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Cytological, Physiological and Biochemical Aspectsof Somatic Embryo Formation in Flax
The cytological, physiological and some biochemical aspects of somatic embryo formation in flax are discussed. From the review it is obvious that...