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Mechanism for the Coupled Photochemistry of Ammonia and Acetylene: Implications for Giant Planets, Comets and Interstellar Organic Synthesis
Laboratory studies provide a fundamental understanding of photochemical processes in planetary atmospheres. Photochemical reactions taking place on...
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Polycondensation of Asparagine-comprising Dipeptides in Aqueous Media-A Simulation of Polypeptide Formation in Primordial Earth Hydrosphere
Asparagine and aspartic acid might have mutually transformed in the primordial hydrosphere of the earth, if ammonia and aspartic acid had existed in...
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Origins of Life Research: a Bibliometric Approach
This study explores the collaborative nature and interdisciplinarity of the origin(s) of life (OoL) research community. Although OoL research is one...
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Enantiomer-Selective Photo-Induced Reaction of Protonated Tryptophan with Disaccharides in the Gas Phase
In order to investigate chemical evolution in interstellar molecular clouds, enantiomer-selective photo-induced chemical reactions between an amino...
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Environmental Adaptation from the Origin of Life to the Last Universal Common Ancestor
Extensive fundamental molecular and biological evolution took place between the prebiotic origins of life and the state of the Last Universal Common...
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Identity Elements of tRNA as Derived from Information Analysis
The decipherment of the tRNA’s operational code, known as the identity problem, requires the location of the sites in the tRNA structure that are...
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Survival and Adaptation of the Thermophilic Species Geobacillus thermantarcticus in Simulated Spatial Conditions
Astrobiology studies the origin and evolution of life on Earth and in the universe. According to the panspermia theory, life on Earth could have...
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Racemization of Valine by Impact-Induced Heating
Homochirality plays an important role in all living organisms but its origin remains unclear. It also remains unclear whether such chiral molecules...
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On the Ability of Formaldehyde to Act as a Tethering Catalyst in Water
The low concentration issue is a fundamental challenge when it comes to prebiotic chemistry, as macromolecular systems need to be assembled via...
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Cataclysm No More: New Views on the Timing and Delivery of Lunar Impactors
If properly interpreted, the impact record of the Moon, Earth’s nearest neighbour, can be used to gain insights into how the Earth has been...
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Walking over 4 Gya: Chemical Evolution from Photochemistry to Mineral and Organic Chemistries Leading to an RNA World
Here we overview the chemical evolution of RNA molecules from inorganic material through mineral-mediated RNA formation compatible with the plausible...
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Transfer of Asymmetry between Proteinogenic Amino Acids under Harsh Conditions
The heating above 400 °C of serine, cysteine, selenocysteine and threonine leads to a complete decomposition of the amino acids and to the formation...
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Anoxic and Oxic Oxidation of Rocks Containing Fe(II)Mg-Silicates and Fe(II)-Monosulfides as Source of Fe(III)-Minerals and Hydrogen. Geobiotropy.
In this article, anoxic and oxic hydrolyses of rocks containing Fe (II) Mg-silicates and Fe (II)-monosulfides are analyzed at 25 °C and 250–350 °C. A...
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The Comparison of Hydrochloric Acid and Phosphoric Acid Treatments in the Preparation of Montmorillonite Catalysts for RNA Synthesis
The treatment of clay minerals with a preliminary acid wash and titration to pH 7 has proven to generate catalysts for the most interesting of...
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Nucleotide Selectivity in Abiotic RNA Polymerization Reactions
In order to establish an RNA world on early Earth, the nucleotides must form polymers through chemical rather than biochemical reactions. The...
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Carbonaceous Chondrite Meteorites: the Chronicle of a Potential Evolutionary Path between Stars and Life
The biogenic elements, H, C, N, O, P and S, have a long cosmic history, whose evolution can still be observed in diverse locales of the known...
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Psychrophiles: From Biodiversity to Biotechnology
This completely updated and revised second edition presents the most recent developments and advances in the field of microbial life in the cold, as...
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Metagenomic Analysis of Low-Temperature Environments
The Earth’s permanently cold biosphere is known to harbour abundant microbial biomass and represents a rich resource for the discovery of novel...
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Nitrification at Low Temperature for Purification of Used Water
Prokaryotes that can oxidize ammonia and/or nitrite are known as nitrifiers and are common in terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments. Where...