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Peptide Models of the Cytoplasmic Tail of Influenza A/H1N1 Virus Hemagglutinin Expand Understanding its pH-Dependent Modes of Interaction with Matrix Protein M1
Influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a major virus antigen. No cryo-electron microscopy or X-ray data can be obtained for the HA intraviral...
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Development of amperometric biosensor based on cloned hemagglutinin gene of H1N1 (swine flu) virus
The recent emergence of respiratory viruses especially COVID-19 and swine flu has underscored the need for robust and bedside detection methods....
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Development of Hemagglutinin–Neuraminidase Homologous Peptides as Novel Promising Therapeutic Agents Against Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus
The lack of specific antiviral therapy and complications associated with the existing peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines accentuates the...
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Epicatechin analogues may hinder human parainfluenza virus infection by inhibition of hemagglutinin neuraminidase protein and prevention of cellular entry
Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are ( −)ssRNA viruses belonging to Paramyoviridaie family. They are one of the leading causes of mortality in...
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Development of a sandwich ELISA for the specific quantitation of hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged proteins during their inducible expression in Escherichia coli
Heavy single-chain antibodies (VHH or nanobodies) are popular in the medical and analytical fields due to its small size, high solubility, stability,...
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Influenza Hemagglutinin Head Domain Mimicry by Rational Design
Despite diligent vaccination efforts, influenza virus infection remains a major cause for respiratory-related illness across the globe. The...
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A conserved multi-epitope-based vaccine designed by targeting hemagglutinin protein of highly pathogenic avian H5 influenza viruses
The highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses have been recognized as a potential pandemic threat to humans, and to the poultry industry since...
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Oral or intranasal immunization with recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum displaying head domain of Swine Influenza A virus hemagglutinin protects mice from H1N1 virus
BackgroundSwine influenza A virus (swIAV) is a major concern for the swine industry owing to its highly contagious nature and acute viral disease....
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Epitope Binning of Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies by Biolayer Interferometry
Understanding the epitopes of antibodies elicited by infection and vaccination is often useful in immunogen design. In this chapter, we describe...
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The Immunogenicity of a Novel Chimeric Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase-Fusion Antigen from Newcastle Disease Virus by Oral Delivery of Transgenic Canola Seeds to Chickens
Newcastle disease (ND) is considered as one of the most devastating infectious diseases targeting domestic birds and has considerable threat to the...
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Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Influenza Virus A Infections: Role of Secondary Metabolites, Clinical and Preclinical Studies, and Future Perspectives
In the current period, respiratory diseases that evolved from influenza A infection have become a burning issue to the communities throughout the...
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Protein profiling and pseudo-parallel reaction monitoring to monitor a fusion-associated conformational change in hemagglutinin
Influenza infection requires viral escape from early endosomes into the cytosol, which is enabled by an acid-induced irreversible conformational...
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TiO2-guanine as a new amalgamation compound for fabrication of a disposable biosensor with high sensitivity and rapid detection of H1N1 swine flu virus
A TiO 2 -guanine nanocomposite (TG NC)–based electrochemical biosensor was immobilized with hemagglutinin (HA) gene specific probe with 5ʹ NH 2 group on...
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Production of Neuraminidase Virus Like Particles by Stably Transformed Insect Cells: A Simple Process for NA-Based Influenza Vaccine Development
Neuraminidase (NA) is a second major surface protein of the influenza virus and has recently been suggested as a supplemental antigen to the major...
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Highly conserved hemagglutinin peptides of H1N1 influenza virus elicit immune response
In the current study, two highly conserved (> 90%) H1N1 hemagglutinin peptides STDTVDTVLEKNVTVTHSVNL (H1) and KVNSVIEKMNTQFTAVGKEF (H2) containing...
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Measurement of Antigen-Specific IgG Titers by Direct ELISA
Direct ELISA allows for the measurement of antibody levels to a particular antigen. Serum or plasma from the vaccinated subject are incubated on...
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Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Influenza Virus A Infections: Role of Secondary Metabolites, Clinical and Preclinical Studies, and Future Perspectives
In the current period, respiratory diseases that evolved from influenza A infection have become a burning issue to the communities throughout the...
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Production of Influenza Virus Glycoproteins Using Insect Cells
The baculovirus/insect cell expression system is a very useful tool for reagent and antigen generation in vaccinology, virology, and immunology. It...
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Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diseases Caused by Influenza B Virus and Parainfluenza Virus Type 3
A tiny sort of parasite with a size range of 0.02–0.3 mm, viruses are made up of two primary components: genetic material (DNA or RNA) and a protein...