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Article
LHAASO-KM2A detector simulation using Geant4
KM2A is one of the main sub-arrays of LHAASO, working on gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics at energies above 10 TeV. Detector simulation is the important foundation for estimating detector performance...
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Article
Overview on EAS Neutrons: Recording and Simulations
Interest to study neutrons produced in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) is rising last years. History and recent publications on this subject are overviewed and estimated. Advantages of the method to study hadronic...
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Article
Techniques for Data Analysis and Primary Mass Reconstruction in the ENDA Experiment
As a part of the high-altitude LHAASO project, ENDA (Electron Neutron Detector Array) is being created in China. The ENDA concept consists in simultaneous registration of the electromagnetic and thermal neutro...
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Article
Progress of Electron–Neutron Detector Array (ENDA)
The origin of cosmic rays can be deciphered by accurately measuring the components and energy spectrum in the knee region. Study of Extensive air shower (EAS) relies on information provided by secondary high e...
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Article
Analyzing Variations in the Concentration of Radon Decay Products in the Near-Surface Layer of the Atmosphere
—Over the last several years, an increase in the amplitude of a seasonal pressure wave and the concentration of heavy radionuclides in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere has been observed in the area of ...
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Article
Signal Separation from Thermal Neutrons in Electron–Neutron Detectors Using Convolutional Neural Nets in the ENDA Experiment
The electron–neutron detector array (ENDA) is being created in China within the large high-altitude air shower observatory (LHAASO) project. The concept of the array is to simultaneously record the electromagn...
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Article
Open AccessEnvironmental Fluxes of Thermal Neutrons and Geophysics
Environmental fluxes of thermal neutrons originate from two sources: cosmic rays and natural radioactivity. Owing to a long lifetime of free neutrons, they are able to propagate over rather long distances in s...
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Article
Reconstruction of Cherenkov image by multiple telescopes of LHAASO-WFCTA
One of main scientific goals of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) is to accurately measure the energy spectra of different cosmic ray compositions around the ‘knee’ region. The Wide Field...
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Article
Variations in the Background Flux of Thermal Neutrons at Kamchatka
Variations in the natural thermal neutron flux are measured at the n-Kamchatka installation in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky during May 2019, using electron-neutron detectors designed at the Russian Academy of Science...
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Article
Outstanding Achievements of the LHAASO Experiment in the Field of Ultra-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy
Recent results obtained in the LHAASO experiment are discussed. The Km2A array, which is one of the constituents of this experiment and is designed to detect extensive air showers, is shown to be a unique inst...
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Article
A dynamic range extension system for LHAASO WCDA-1
The main scientific goal of LHAASO-WCDA is to survey gamma-ray sources with energy from 100 GeV to 30 TeV. To observe high-energy shower events, especially to measure the energy spectrum of cosmic rays from 10...
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Article
Line-of-shower trigger method to lower energy threshold for GRB detection using LHAASO-WCDA
Observation of high energy and very high emission from Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) is crucial to study the gigantic explosion and the underline processes. With a large field-of-view and almost full duty cycle, the...
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Article
Study of Environmental Thermal Neutron Fluxes: from EAS to Geophysics
Environmental neutrons originate from two sources: cosmic rays and natural radioactivity. They are in equilibrium with media and are therefore sensitive to many geophysical or Sun–Earth–Moon phenomena in accor...
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Article
Electron–Neutron Detector Array (ENDA)
By accurate measurement of components and energy spectrum in the knee region, problem of origin of cosmic ray can be solved. In one extensive air shower (EAS), high energy hadrons, which constitute the EAS ske...
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Article
Open AccessConstruction and on-site performance of the LHAASO WFCTA camera
The focal plane camera is the core component of the Wide Field-of-view Cherenkov/fluorescence Telescope Array (WFCTA) of the Large High-Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Because of the capability of wo...
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Article
Ultrahigh-energy photons up to 1.4 petaelectronvolts from 12 γ-ray Galactic sources
The extension of the cosmic-ray spectrum beyond 1 petaelectronvolt (PeV; 1015 electronvolts) indicates the existence of the so-called PeVatrons—cosmic-ray factories that accelerate particles to PeV energies. We n...
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Article
Status of the High-Altitude ENDA-LHAASO Array
A description is given of the ENDA (electron–neutron detector array) setup launched as part of the international LHAASO project in December 2019 in Tibet at an altitude of 4410 m above sea level. A unique feat...
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Article
First Measurements with the ENDA-INR Array of 16 Electron–Neutron Detectors
The ENDA Electron–Neutron Detector Array is under development in Tibet mountains as an integral part of a Large High-Altitude Air-Shower Observatory (LHAASO). A prototype of a single ENDA cluster consisting of...
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Article
Underground Physics and the Nonlinear Delayed Barometric Effect of the Gamma-Ray Background
The gamma-ray background problem is known to be acute in any low-background underground experiment. The variations of this background depend on many parameters and should be taken into account when interpretin...
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Article
Primary Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum Above the ‘‘Knee’’ Measured with PRISMA-32 Array
PRISMA-32 (PRImary Spectrum Measurement Array) is working since 2012 in the Scientific & Educational Center NEVOD (NRNU ‘‘MEPhI’’, Moscow). Array area is \({\sim}500\) m \({}^{2}\) . PRISMA-32 consists of 32 ...
