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Article
Synthesis of Au–Ag bimetallic nanoparticles using Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) root extract for chemo-photothermal anticancer therapy
Green synthesis strategies have been widely applied for the preparation of versatile nanomaterials. Gold nanospheres with an average size of 6.95 ± 2.25 nm were green synthesized by using a 70% ethanol extract...
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Article
Open AccessSteady-state memory-phenotype conventional CD4+ T cells exacerbate autoimmune neuroinflammation in a bystander manner via the Bhlhe40/GM-CSF axis
Memory-phenotype (MP) CD4+ T cells are a substantial population of conventional T cells that exist in steady-state mice, yet their immunological roles in autoimmune disease remain unclear. In this work, we unveil...
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Article
Open AccessDietary antigens suppress the proliferation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells by restraining homeostatic IL-25 production
Dietary antigens affect the adaptive immunity of the host by inducing regulatory T cells and IgE-producing B cells. However, their roles in innate immune compartments such as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and i...
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Article
Open AccessHomeostatic serum IgE is secreted by plasma cells in the thymus and enhances mast cell survival
Increased serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a risk factor for various diseases, including allergy and anaphylaxis. However, the source and ontogeny of B cells producing IgE under steady state condition...
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Article
Creation of bladder assembloids mimicking tissue regeneration and cancer
Current organoid models are limited by their inability to mimic mature organ architecture and associated tissue microenvironments1,2. Here we create multilayer bladder ‘assembloids’ by reconstituting tissue stem ...
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Article
Open AccessSingle-cell RNA sequencing identifies shared differentiation paths of mouse thymic innate T cells
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT), mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT), and γδ T cells are innate T cells that acquire memory phenotype in the thymus and share similar biological characteristics. However, ho...
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Article
Open AccessShape-dependent cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles synthesized using green tea extract
In the present report, three different shapes of chitosan-capped gold nanoparticles (nanospheres, nanostars, and nanorods) were synthesized to investigate the effects of shape on cytotoxicity and cellular upta...
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Article
Open AccessFabrication of nanoribbons by dielectrophoresis assisted cold welding of gold nanoparticles on mica substrate
Using alternating current electric fields, nanoribbons are fabricated from an aqueous suspension of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on mica substrate without resorting to further chemical functionalization of AuNPs...
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Article
Open AccessAntioxidant Potential of Artemisia capillaris, Portulaca oleracea, and Prunella vulgaris Extracts for Biofabrication of Gold Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Assessment
Three aqueous plant extracts (Artemisia capillaris, Portulaca oleracea, and Prunella vulgaris) were selected for the biofabrication of gold nanoparticles. The antioxidant activities (i.e., free radical scavenging...
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Article
Open AccessPlatycodon saponins from Platycodi Radix (Platycodon grandiflorum) for the Green Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
A green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles is described in the present report using platycodon saponins from Platycodi Radix (Platycodon grandiflorum) as reducing agents. Platycodin D (PD), a major triter...
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Article
CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes arise from two main thymic precursors
TCRβ+CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes arise from CD4−CD8−CD5+ thymic cells, but the exact precursor source has been not been established. Hogquist and colleagues identify two distinct thymic populations that bo...
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Article
Tolerance is established in polyclonal CD4+ T cells by distinct mechanisms, according to self-peptide expression patterns
CD4+ T cell tolerance can be enforced by various mechanisms. Jenkins and colleagues use mice with entirely intact polyclonal T cell repertoires to comprehensively define the mechanisms of self-tolerance.
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Open AccessAnalyses of the TCR repertoire of MHC class II-restricted innate CD4+ T cells
Analysis of the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of innate CD4+ T cells selected by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-dependent thymocyte–thymocyte (T-T) interaction (T-T CD4+ T cells) is essential ...
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Correction: Corrigendum: Steady-state production of IL-4 modulates immunity in mouse strains and is determined by lineage diversity of iNKT cells
Nat Immunol. 14, 1146–1154 (2013); published online 6 October 2013; corrected after print 28 October 2013 In the version of this article initially published, the upper graph of Figure 1b was incorrectly duplic...
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Article
Steady-state production of IL-4 modulates immunity in mouse strains and is determined by lineage diversity of iNKT cells
Mature invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are an early innate source of cytokines. Hogquist and colleagues classify three lineages of iNKT cells by their distinct transcription factors and cytokine pro...
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Article
Comparison of various methods of vessel ligation: what is the safest method?
Recently, various hemostatic devices, such as metal or plastic clips, ultrasonic coagulating shears, and electrothermal bipolar vessel sealer, have been widely applied during an operation. The purpose of this ...
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Article
Medulloblastoma: histopathologic and molecular markers of anaplasia and biologic behavior
Large cell/anaplastic (LC/A) medulloblastoma (MB) is a recently recognized variant of medulloblastoma known to be associated with an advanced stage and a poor prognosis. Although Eberhart et al. suggested hist...
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