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Article
Open AccessToxicological Characterization of Phthalic Acid
There has been growing concern about the toxicity of phthalate esters. Phthalate esters are being used widely for the production of perfume, nail varnish, hairsprays and other personal/cosmetic uses. Recently,...
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Article
Abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis in Parkinson’s disease: relevance to a new therapeutic target for depression with Parkinson’s disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, including bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability. Recent clinical findings reco...
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Article
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma: a novel therapeutic target for cognitive impairment and mood disorders that functions via the regulation of adult neurogenesis
The proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neural precursor cells occur not only during embryonic development but also within distinct regions of the adult brain through the process of adult neurogen...
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Article
Open AccessRecent advances in the pathology of prodromal non-motor symptoms olfactory deficit and depression in Parkinson’s disease: clues to early diagnosis and effective treatment
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by movement dysfunction due to selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Non-motor ...
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Article
Ursolic acid enhances autophagic clearance and ameliorates motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease mice model
Protein aggregation and the abnormal accumulation of aggregates are considered as common mechanisms of neurodegeneration such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid ...