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Article
Complete substitution of a secondary cell wall with a primary cell wall in Arabidopsis
The bulk of a plant’s biomass, termed secondary cell walls, accumulates in woody xylem tissues and is largely recalcitrant to biochemical degradation and saccharification1. By contrast, primary cell walls, which ...
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Article
Buoyancy Limitation of Filamentous Cyanobacteria under Prolonged Pressure due to the Gas Vesicles Collapse
Freshwater cyanobacterium Pseudanabaena galeata were cultured in chambers under artificially generated pressures, which correspond to the hydrostatic pressures at deep water. Variations occurred in gas vesicles v...
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Article
Open AccessUltrastructure of compacted DNA in cyanobacteria by high-voltage cryo-electron tomography
Some cyanobacteria exhibit compaction of DNA in synchrony with their circadian rhythms accompanying cell division. Since the structure is transient, it has not yet been described in detail. Here, we successful...
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Article
A possible involvement of autophagy in amyloplast degradation in columella cells during hydrotropic response of Arabidopsis roots
Seedling roots display not only gravitropism but also hydrotropism, and the two tropisms interfere with one another. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots, amyloplasts in columella cells are rapidly degrade...
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Article
Rice BRITTLE CULM 3 (BC3) encodes a classical dynamin OsDRP2B essential for proper secondary cell wall synthesis
“Brittle culm” mutants found in Gramineae crops are suitable materials to study the mechanism of secondary cell wall formation. Through positional cloning, we have identified a gene responsible for the brittle...
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Article
Comparative analysis of the hspA mutant and wild-type Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 under salt stress: evaluation of the role of hspA in salt-stress management
DNA microarray analysis has previously revealed that hspA, which encodes a small heat-shock protein, is the second most highly expressed gene under salt stress in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Consequently, ...
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Article
Cultured green cells of tobacco as a useful material for the study of chloroplast replication
Chloroplast replication in cultured cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN) was investigated by electron microscopy in comparison with that of green leaves. The structure of chloroplasts in cultured...
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Article
The maize brittle1 gene encodes amyloplast membrane polypeptides
A chimeric protein, formed of 56 amino acids from the carboxy terminus of the maize (Zea mays L.) wild-type Brittle1 (Bt1) protein fused to the glutathione-S-transferase gene, was synthesized in Escherichia coli,...
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Article
Molecular cloning of a chloroplastic proteinassociated with both the envelope and thylakoid membranes
Chloroplasts consist of six morphologically distinct compartments. Each compartment has a specific set of polypeptides that perform distinct biochemical functions. We report here the identification of a membra...
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Article
Changes in membrane glycoproteins during fruit-body formation inPhysarum polycephalum
Sporangia formation ofPhysarum polycephalum was induced by starvation and illumination, and the morphogenic process during the differentiation was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Plasma membranes were pr...
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Article
Observation by SEM of the attachment ofAgrobacterium tumefaciens to the surface of vinca, asparagus and rice cells
Transformation of vinca cells was performed by the co-cultivation of cell-wall regenerated vinca protoplasts withAgrobacterium tumefaciens. Using thisin vitro and single cell system, attachment of the bacteria to...
