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Article
Open AccesscAMP-PKA/EPAC signaling and cancer: the interplay in tumor microenvironment
Cancer is a complex disease resulting from abnormal cell growth that is induced by a number of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which involves extracellular matrix, cancer-a...
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Article
Open AccessExploiting RIG-I-like receptor pathway for cancer immunotherapy
RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are intracellular pattern recognition receptors that detect viral or bacterial infection and induce host innate immune responses. The RLRs family comprises retinoic acid-inducible g...
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Article
Open AccessTargeting extracellular matrix stiffness and mechanotransducers to improve cancer therapy
Cancer microenvironment is critical for tumorigenesis and cancer progression. The extracellular matrix (ECM) interacts with tumor and stromal cells to promote cancer cells proliferation, migration, invasion, a...
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Article
Open AccessSignaling pathways and targeted therapy for myocardial infarction
Although the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) has improved considerably, it is still a worldwide disease with high morbidity and high mortality. Whilst there is still a long way to go for discovering id...
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Article
Open AccessTargeting Akt in cancer for precision therapy
Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy exhibits better response rate ...
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Article
Open AccessSEPHS1 promotes SMAD2/3/4 expression and hepatocellular carcinoma cells invasion
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common cancers that are very aggressive. The secreted cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) promotes cancer metastasis by multiple mechanisms such as epithe...
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Article
Open AccessComplex roles of cAMP–PKA–CREB signaling in cancer
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is the first discovered second messenger, which plays pivotal roles in cell signaling, and regulates many physiological and pathological processes. cAMP can regulate the t...
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Article
Open AccessInsulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in tumorigenesis and drug resistance: a challenge for cancer therapy
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play important roles in mammalian growth, development, aging, and diseases. Aberrant IGFs signaling may lead to malignant transformation and tumor progression, thus providing...
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Article
Open AccessTargeting mTOR for cancer therapy
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a protein kinase regulating cell growth, survival, metabolism, and immunity. mTOR is usually assembled into several complexes such as mTOR complex 1/2 (mTORC1/2). In c...
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Article
Open AccessMechanisms for estrogen receptor expression in human cancer
Estrogen is a steroid hormone that has critical roles in reproductive development, bone homeostasis, cardiovascular remodeling and brain functions. However, estrogen also promotes mammary, ovarian and endometr...
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Article
Open AccessGamma synuclein is a novel Twist1 target that promotes TGF-β-induced cancer cell migration and invasion
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is critical for embryonic development, adult tissue homeostasis, and tumor progression. TGF-β suppresses tumors at early stage, but promotes metastasis at later stage throu...
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Article
mTORC2 promotes type I insulin-like growth factor receptor and insulin receptor activation through the tyrosine kinase activity of mTOR
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a core component of raptor-mTOR (mTORC1) and rictor-mTOR (mTORC2) complexes that control diverse cellular processes. Both mTORC1 and mTORC2 regulate several elements dow...
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Article
Aflatoxin B1 induces Src phosphorylation and stimulates lung cancer cell migration
AflatoxinB1 (AFB1) is well known as a potent carcinogen. Epidemiological studies have shown an association between AFB1 exposure and lung cancer in humans. AFB1 can induce the mutations of genes such as tumor ...
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Article
FOXO3-mediated up-regulation of Bim contributes to rhein-induced cancer cell apoptosis
The anthraquinone compound rhein is a natural agent in the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb. Preclinical studies demonstrate that rhein has anticancer activity. Treatment of a variety of cancer cells with ...
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Article
Isoliquiritigenin inhibits the growth of multiple myeloma via blocking IL-6 signaling
Previous studies have suggested that isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has anti-carcinogenic activity in several kinds of solid tumors, however, little is known about the effects of ISL on hematologic malignancies. In t...
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Article
Matrix metalloproteinases in tumorigenesis: an evolving paradigm
Proteases are crucial for development, tissue remodeling, and tumorigenesis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family, in particular, consists of more than 20 members with unique substrates and diverse function...
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Article
Open Access(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate sensitizes breast cancer cells to paclitaxel in a murine model of breast carcinoma
Paclitaxel (Taxol®) is a microtubule-targeted agent that is widely used for cancer treatment. However, resistance to paclitaxel is frequently encountered in the clinic. There is increasing interest in identifying...
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Article
Open AccessDerlin-1 is overexpressed in human breast carcinoma and protects cancer cells from endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis
Aberrant microenvironment and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are associated with solid-tumor progression. Stress proteins, like heat shock proteins and glucose-regulated proteins, are frequently overexpress...
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Article
Complex roles of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in cancer
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is tightly associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, which plays a very active role in tumor invasion and metastasis. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)...
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Article
Transcriptional suppression of synuclein γ (SNCG) expression in human breast cancer cells by the growth inhibitory cytokine oncostatin M
Previously, we have shown that synuclein γ (SNCG), a member of the brain protein synuclein family, is highly expressed in human infiltrating breast carcinomas but not expressed in normal or benign breast tissu...
