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Article
Open AccessDietary glycine supplementation enhances syntheses of creatine and glutathione by tissues of hybrid striped bass (Morone saxatilis ♀ × Morone chrysops ♂) fed soybean meal-based diets
We recently reported that supplementing glycine to soybean meal-based diets is necessary for the optimum growth of 5- to 40-g (Phase-I) and 110- to 240-g (Phase-II) hybrid striped bass (HSB), as well as their ...
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Chapter
Characteristics of the Digestive Tract of Dogs and Cats
As for other , the digestive system of ( ) and ( ) includes the , , tongue, pharynx, esophagus, , small , large , and accessory digestive organs (salivary glands, , and gallbladder). These carni...
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Article
Open AccessDietary supplementation with 0.4% L-arginine between days 14 and 30 of gestation enhances NO and polyamine syntheses and water transport in porcine placentae
Most embryonic loss in pigs occurs before d 30 of gestation. Dietary supplementation with L-arginine (Arg) during early gestation can enhance the survival and development of conceptuses (embryo/fetus and its extr...
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Article
Oxidation of amino acids, glucose, and fatty acids as metabolic fuels in enterocytes of develo** pigs
Enterocytes of young pigs are known to use glutamine, glutamate, and glucose as major metabolic fuels. However, little is known about the roles of aspartate, alanine, and fatty acids as energy sources for thes...
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Article
Hydroxyproline in animal metabolism, nutrition, and cell signaling
trans-4-Hydroxy-l-proline is highly abundant in collagen (accounting for about one-third of body proteins in humans and other animals). This imino acid (loosely called amino acid) and its minor analogue trans-3-h...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
A Reliable Surface Defect Detection Method Based on Semantic Image Inpainting
Automatically detecting anomalous regions in the image of deformable objects without priors of the anomalies is considerably challenging. The mainstream of unsupervised anomaly detection is based on a priori h...
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Chapter
Protein-Sourced Feedstuffs for Aquatic Animals in Nutrition Research and Aquaculture
Aquatic animals have particularly high requirements for (AAs) , survival, growth, development, and reproduction. These nutrients are usually provided from and may also be derived from supplemental crystal...
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Article
Polyamine synthesis from arginine and proline in tissues of develo** chickens
Polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are synthesized primarily from ornithine via ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in mammals. Although avian tissues contain ODC activity, little is known about intra...
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Chapter
Amino Acid Nutrition and Metabolism in Chickens
Both poultry meat and eggs provide high-quality animal protein [containing sufficient amounts and proper ratios of amino acids (AAs)] for human consumption and, therefore, play an important role in the growth,...
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Chapter
Composition of Amino Acids in Foodstuffs for Humans and Animals
Amino acids (AAs) are the building blocks of proteins that have both structural and metabolic functions in humans and other animals. In mammals, birds, fish, and crustaceans, proteinogenic AAs are alanine, arg...
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Chapter
Amino Acids in Swine Nutrition and Production
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins in animals, including swine. With the development of new analytical methods and biochemical research, there is a growing interest in fundamental and applied stud...
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Chapter
Oxidation of Energy Substrates in Tissues of Fish: Metabolic Significance and Implications for Gene Expression and Carcinogenesis
Fish are useful animal models for studying effects of nutrients and environmental factors on gene expression (including epigenetics), toxicology, and carcinogenesis. To optimize the response of the animals to ...
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Chapter
Interorgan Metabolism, Nutritional Impacts, and Safety of Dietary L-Glutamate and L-Glutamine in Poultry
L-glutamine (Gln) is the most abundant amino acid (AA) in the plasma and skeletal muscle of poultry, and L-glutamate (Glu) is among the most abundant AAs in the whole bodies of all avian tissues. During the fi...
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Article
Nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide increase glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and expression upon drought stress in soybean roots
Changes in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) isoforms activities and expression were investigated in soybean roots under drought, suggesting that cytosolic G6PD plays a main role by regulating H2O2 signal ...
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Chapter
Amino Acid Metabolism in the Liver: Nutritional and Physiological Significance
The liver plays a central role in amino acid (AA) metabolism in humans and other animals. In all mammals, this organ synthesizes many AAs (including glutamate, glutamine, alanine, aspartate, asparagine, glycin...
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Chapter
Metabolism of Amino Acids in the Brain and Their Roles in Regulating Food Intake
Amino acids (AAs) and their metabolites play an important role in neurological health and function. They are not only the building blocks of protein but are also neurotransmitters. In the brain, glutamate and ...
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Article
Composition of polyamines and amino acids in plant-source foods for human consumption
Dietary polyamines and amino acids (AAs) are crucial for human growth, development, reproduction, and health. However, the scientific literature shows large variations in polyamine and AA concentrations among ...
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Article
Regulation of protein synthesis in porcine mammary epithelial cells by l-valine
This study was conducted to determine the catabolism of l-valine in porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs) and its role in stimulating protein synthesis in these cells. PMECs were incubated with 0.05-, 0.10-, 0...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
NTS: A Scalable Virtual Testbed Architecture with Dynamic Scheduling and Backpressure
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Article
Open AccessNutrient resorption or accumulation of desert plants with contrasting sodium regulation strategies
Desert plants are thought to rely more heavily on nutrient resorption due to the infertile soil. However, little is known regarding the phylogenetic effects on this traits, specifically for halophytes. Here we...