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Article
Open AccessThe add-on effect of the Mutsu-Senshi® skin cooling device for needle insertion pain in hemodialysis patients: a multicenter prospective study
Needle insertion pain associated with maintenance hemodialysis (HD) causes considerable stress on HD patients with native arteriovenous fistula. Skin cooling has been suggested to modify pain sensitivity and r...
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Chapter
Anticoagulants
Anticoagulants are essential to prevent clotting during apheresis, which uses extracorporeal circuits.
When c...