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Article
Open AccessOptical coherence tomography angiography suggests different retinal pathologies in multiple sclerosis and Sjögren’s syndrome
While retinal vessel changes are evident in the eyes of patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), changes in the vasculature of possible MS mimics such as primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) re...
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Article
Open AccessIL-23 stabilizes an effector Treg cell program in the tumor microenvironment
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a proinflammatory cytokine mainly produced by myeloid cells that promotes tumor growth in various preclinical cancer models and correlates with adverse outcomes. However, as to how IL...
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Article
Open AccessB cells orchestrate tolerance to the neuromyelitis optica autoantigen AQP4
Neuromyelitis optica is a paradigmatic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, in which the water-channel protein AQP4 is the target antigen1. The immunopathology in neuromyelitis optica is largely driv...
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Article
Open AccessThe role of intrathecal free light chains kappa for the detection of autoimmune encephalitis in subacute onset neuropsychiatric syndromes
Intrathecal synthesis of free light chains kappa (FLCK) is increasingly recognized as a marker of inflammatory CNS pathologies. Here, we tested the performance of FLCK in differentiating autoimmune encephaliti...
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Article
Open AccessPD-L1 positive astrocytes attenuate inflammatory functions of PD-1 positive microglia in models of autoimmune neuroinflammation
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Current therapies mainly target inflammatory processes during acute stages, but effective treatments f...
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Article
Pyrimidine de novo synthesis inhibition selectively blocks effector but not memory T cell development
Blocking pyrimidine de novo synthesis by inhibiting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is used to treat autoimmunity and prevent expansion of rapidly dividing cell populations including activated T cells. Here we sh...
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Article
Cognate microglia–T cell interactions shape the functional regulatory T cell pool in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathology
Microglia, the parenchymal brain macrophages of the central nervous system, have emerged as critical players in brain development and homeostasis. The immune functions of these cells, however, remain less well...
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Article
Open AccessLy6D+Siglec-H+ precursors contribute to conventional dendritic cells via a Zbtb46+Ly6D+ intermediary stage
Plasmacytoid and conventional dendritic cells (pDC and cDC) are generated from progenitor cells in the bone marrow and commitment to pDCs or cDC subtypes may occur in earlier and later progenitor stages. Cells...
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Article
CNS Treg cells have alternative functions but run on conventional fuel
Ectopic expression of IL-2 in the central nervous system (CNS) is sufficient to create an organ-restricted niche for tissue-resident regulatory T cells that support re-establishment of homeostasis after multip...
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Article
Open AccessAquaporin-4 prevents exaggerated astrocytosis and structural damage in retinal inflammation
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the molecular target of the immune response in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) that leads to severe structural damage in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the retina. Conversely, AQP4 mi...
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Article
Open AccessCD4+c-Met+Itgα4+ T cell subset promotes murine neuroinflammation
c-Met, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is the unique receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The HGF/c-Met axis is reported to modulate cell migration, maturation, cytokine production, and antigen presentatio...
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Article
Reply to ‘Comment on: Repositioning TH cell polarization from single cytokines to complex help’
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Article
Repositioning TH cell polarization from single cytokines to complex help
When helper T (TH) cell polarization was initially described three decades ago, the TH cell universe grew dramatically. New subsets were described based on their expression of few specific cytokines. Beyond TH1 a...
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Article
Skin and gut imprinted helper T cell subsets exhibit distinct functional phenotypes in central nervous system autoimmunity
Multidimensional single-cell analyses of T cells have fueled the debate about whether there is extensive plasticity or ‘mixed’ priming of helper T cell subsets in vivo. Here, we developed an experimental frame...
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Article
Der Wasserstoffmotor kommt
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Article
The Hydrogen Engine is on its Way
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Article
Regulatory myeloid cells paralyze T cells through cell–cell transfer of the metabolite methylglyoxal
Regulatory myeloid immune cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), populate inflamed or cancerous tissue and block immune cell effector functions. The lack of mechanistic insight into MDSC supp...
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Article
Diagnostik und Therapie von Tuberkulose unter Immuntherapien für Multiple Sklerose
Nach Jahren niedriger Inzidenz ist in Deutschland seit 2015 eine starke Zunahme gemeldeter Tuberkulose(TB)-Neuerkrankungen zu beobachten. Neue Immuntherapien zur Behandlung der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) gehen mi...
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Article
Cell-type-specific profiling of brain mitochondria reveals functional and molecular diversity
Mitochondria vary in morphology and function in different tissues; however, little is known about their molecular diversity among cell types. Here we engineered MitoTag mice, which express a Cre recombinase-depen...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
The hybrid model of the new hydrogen combustion engine as the most efficient powertrain of tomorrow
Obvious changes in the world‘s climate make action necessary. Today’s transport sector, including air, rail, marine, and road transport and traffic, is responsible for almost a quarter of the world’s CO2 emiss...
