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  1. No Access

    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Secure Forward Aggregation for Vertical Federated Neural Networks

    Vertical federated learning (VFL) is attracting much attention because it enables cross-silo data cooperation in a privacy-preserving manner. While most research works in VFL focus on linear and tree models, d...

    Shuowei Cai, Di Chai, Liu Yang, Junxue Zhang, Yilun **… in Trustworthy Federated Learning (2023)

  2. No Access

    Reference Work Entry In depth

    Molecular Mechanism and Effects of Clostridial Neurotoxins

    The genus Clostridia, gram-positive anaerobic bacteria, produce two of the deadliest toxins known to mankind: tetanus and botulinum. Toxicity of these molecules comes from their action on very specific substra...

    Bal Ram Singh, Raj Kumar, Shuowei Cai in Handbook of Neurotoxicity (2022)

  3. Article

    Open Access

    A novel role of C-terminus in introducing a functionally flexible structure critical for the biological activity of botulinum neurotoxin

    Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is responsible for botulism, a clinical condition resulting in flaccid muscle paralysis and potentially death. The light chain is responsible for its intracellular toxicity through ...

    Thomas M. Feltrup, Kruti Patel, Raj Kumar, Shuowei Cai, Bal Ram Singh in Scientific Reports (2018)

    Download PDF (1586 KB) View Article

  4. No Access

    Article

    Selection of RNA Aptamers Against Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Light Chain Through a Non-Radioactive Approach

    Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), a category A agent, is the most toxic molecule known to mankind. The endopeptidase activity of light chain domain of BoNT is the cause for the inhibition of the neurotransmitter re...

    Tzuu-Wang Chang, Pavithra Janardhanan… in Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (2016)

  5. No Access

    Article

    In Vivo Toxicity and Immunological Characterization of Detoxified Recombinant Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A

    A double-mutant E224A/E262A full-length botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) Type A with structural similarity to native BoNT/A but lacking the endopeptidase activity provides an ideal surrogate for testing pharmacokin...

    Easwaran Ravichandran, Pavithra Janardhanan, Kruti Patel… in Pharmaceutical Research (2016)

  6. No Access

    Reference Work Entry In depth

    Aptamers as New Agents Against Biotoxins

    Biological toxins can be used by hostile states or terrorists as biological weapons and pose a great threat to public health and homeland security. Yet there are no effective countermeasures for most biologica...

    Shuowei Cai, Pavithra Janardhanan in Biological Toxins and Bioterrorism (2015)

  7. No Access

    Article

    Role of Neurotoxin Associated Proteins in the Low pH Induced Structural Changes in the Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex

    Botulinum Neurotoxin (BoNT) produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum as a complex with NAPs causes botulism. It has been known that the NAPs protect the toxin from both extremes of pHs and proteases of the...

    Gowri Chellappan, Raj Kumar, Shuowei Cai, Bal Ram Singh in The Protein Journal (2014)

  8. No Access

    Living Reference Work Entry In depth

    Aptamers as New Agents Against Biotoxins

    Biological toxins can be used by hostile states or terrorists as biological weapons and pose a great threat to public health and homeland security. Yet there are no effective countermeasures for most biologica...

    Shuowei Cai, Pavithra Janardhanan in Biological Toxins and Bioterrorism

  9. No Access

    Reference Work Entry In depth

    Molecular Mechanism and Effects of Clostridial Neurotoxins

    The genus Clostridia, gram-positive anaerobic bacteria, produce two of the deadliest toxins known to mankind: tetanus and botulinum. Toxicity of these molecules comes from their action on very specific substra...

    Bal Ram Singh, Raj Kumar, Shuowei Cai in Handbook of Neurotoxicity (2014)

  10. No Access

    Chapter

    The Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex and the Role of Ancillary Proteins

    All seven known serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) are produced in the form of a complex with a group of neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs). The BoNT complex is encoded by a gene cluster regulated by ...

    Bal Ram Singh, Tzuu-Wang Chang, Roshan Kukreja… in Molecular Aspects of Botulinum Neurotoxin (2014)

  11. No Access

    Article

    Molecular Composition and Extinction Coefficient of Native Botulinum Neurotoxin Complex Produced by Clostridium botulinum Hall A Strain

    Seven distinct strains of Clostridium botulinum (type A to G) each produce a stable complex of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) along with neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs). Type A botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/A) is...

    Anne-Marie Bryant, Jenny Davis, Shuowei Cai, Bal Ram Singh in The Protein Journal (2013)

  12. Article

    Open Access

    Analysis of genomic differences among Clostridium botulinum type A1 strains

    Type A1 Clostridium botulinum strains are a group of Gram-positive, spore-forming anaerobic bacteria that produce a genetically, biochemically, and biophysically indistinguishable 150 kD protein that causes botul...

    **-Ke Fang, Brian H Raphael, Susan E Maslanka, Shuowei Cai, Bal Ram Singh in BMC Genomics (2010)

    Download PDF (1287 KB) View Article

  13. No Access

    Article

    Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chain Refolds at Endosomal pH for its Translocation

    Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the most poisonous member of class A biothreat agent, cause neuroparalysis by blocking neurotransmitter release at the neuromuscular junctions. In its mechanism of action, the ca...

    Shuowei Cai, Roshan Kukreja, Sue Shoesmith, Tzuu-Wang Chang… in The Protein Journal (2006)