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Open AccessModeling mitigation of influenza epidemics by baloxavir
Influenza viruses annually kill 290,000–650,000 people worldwide. Antivirals can reduce death tolls. Baloxavir, the recently approved influenza antiviral, inhibits initiation of viral mRNA synthesis, whereas o...
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Article
Open AccessInfluenza B virus non-structural protein 1 counteracts ISG15 antiviral activity by sequestering ISGylated viral proteins
The ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 and its conjugation to proteins (ISGylation) are strongly induced by type I interferon. Influenza B virus encodes non-structural protein 1 (NS1B) that binds human ISG15 and pro...
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Article
An RNA-synthesizing machine
Crystal structures of the complete RNA polymerases from influenza A and B viruses provide insight into how these enzymes initiate RNA synthesis, and reveal targets for antiviral drug design. See Articles ...
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Article
Backbone and Ile-δ1, Leu, Val Methyl 1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shift assignments for human interferon-stimulated gene 15 protein
Human interferon-stimulated gene 15 protein (ISG15), also called ubiquitin cross-reactive protein (UCRP), is the first identified ubiquitin-like protein containing two ubiquitin-like domains fused in tandem. T...
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Article
Structures of influenza A proteins and insights into antiviral drug targets
The world is currently undergoing a pandemic caused by an H1N1 influenza A virus, the so-called 'swine flu'. The H5N1 ('bird flu') influenza A viruses, now circulating in Asia, Africa and Europe, are extremely...
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Article
The mechanism by which influenza A virus nucleoprotein forms oligomers and binds RNA
The structure of the influenza A virus nucleoprotein has proved elusive. But now its crystal structure has been determined, to reveal a crescent-shaped molecule containing connected head and body regions with ...
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Article
Crystal structure of the unique RNA-binding domain of the influenza virus NS1 protein
The nonstructural protein (NS1 protein) of the influenza A virus binds to several types of RNAs. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the RNA-binding domain reveals a unique topology for the monomer as well as a...
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Article
A novel RNA-binding motif in influenza A virus non-structural protein 1
The solution NMR structure of the RNA-binding domain from influenza virus non-structural protein 1 exhibits a novel dimeric six-helical protein fold. Distributions of basic residues and conserved salt bridges ...
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Book
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Chapter
Expression and Replication of the Influenza Virus Genome
The genome of influenza A viruses is composed of eight segments of negative polarity (see Chapter 1). In infected cells, these virion RNAs (vRNAs) are both transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and replicate...
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Chapter
Influenza Viral RNA Transcription
Influenza viral messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis is initiated by cap 1 (m7GpppNm)-containing primers generated from heterologous RNAs. We have elucidated the functions and movements of the three viral P (PB1, PB...
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Chapter
Priming of Influenza Viral RNA Transcription by Capped Heterologous RNAs
Influenza virus is a negative-stranded RNA virus, i.e., the viral messenger RNA (mRNA) is complementary to the genome RNA (which is segmented), and the virion contains the enzyme system which transcribes the g...
