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Article
Arzneimittelsicherheit und Nachmarktkontrolle Entwicklungen seit der Reform des Arzneimittelgesetzes im Jahr 1978
Erst mit der Contergankatastrophe wandelte sich der Fortschrittsglauben der 1950er Jahre, sodass in Deutschland die Diskussion über Arzneimittelsicherheit aufkam. Daraus folgend wurde 1978 das Arzneimittelgese...
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Chapter
Therapie mit Psychopharmaka
Das Altern des Menschen ist ein physiologischer Vorgang, der einer großen interindividuellen Varianz unterliegt. Kein spezifisches biologisches Kennzeichen hilft bei der Abgrenzung des Alters von der übrigen L...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Flächendeckende Erfassung schwerer, potentiell lebensbedrohlicher unerwünschter Arzneimittelwirkungen
Seit 1985 führt das Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie mit Unterstützung des Bundesgesundheitsamtes ein Projekt zur flächendeckenden Erfassung schwerer, potentiell lebensbedrohlicher unerwünschter Arzneimitt...
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Chapter
Abhängigkeitsgefahren bei Arzneimitteln, insbesondere Kombinationsarzneimitteln: Möglichkeiten der Risikominderung
Arzneimittelabhängigkeit ist ein gravierendes, aber vermeidbares Arzneimittelrisiko, das in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland durch die im Vergleich zu anderen Industrienationen hohe Verbreitung von Kombinationsa...
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkungen: Erfassung und Pathophysiologische Interpretation als Grundlage der Nutzen-Risiko-Abschätzung
Unwanted drug effects usually evade a causal interpretation when observed in a single patient. Therefore, systems to detect unwanted effects have been developed which serve to draw conclusions from data accumu...
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Article
Voraussetzungen für die Risiko-Nutzenabschätzung bei Arzneimitteln
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Diaplacentarer Transport von Analgetica: Bedeutung für die Arzneimitteltherapie in der Perinatalperiode
Der Stoffaustausch zwischen mütterlichem und fetalem Kreislauf findet sowohl transplacentar wie auch paraplacentar durch die Amnionhäute statt. Dabei ist die Placenta in der Regel für Arzneimittel keine Barrie...
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Article
Effects of PGI2 and PGI analogues on cAMP levels in cultured endothelial and smooth muscle cells derived from bovine arteries
PGI2 increased cAMP levels in cultured endothelial cells derived from bovine aortas in the presence of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX). Stable PGI analogues were more effective, while PGE1 was without effect. In cu...
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Article
Effects of dipyridamole in vivo on ATP and cAMP content in platelets and arterial walls and on atherosclerotic plaque formation
In rabbits receiving an atherogenic diet for 2 months, the ATP content of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and arterial tissue was significantly elevated as compared to normal rabbits. This increase in ATP levels of...
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Article
PGI2 enhanced cAMP content in bovine coronary arteries in the presence of isobutylmethylxanthine
Incubation of bovine coronary artery (BCA) rings with isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX) resulted in a time-dependent increase of cAMP content. This effect was blocked, when the rings were preincubated with indomet...
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Article
The effect of naloxone on cerebellar cGMP content
Naloxone in high doses (60–240 mg/kg i.p.) produced a dose-dependent increase in cerebellar cGMP content of mice. The rise in cGMP content reached its maximum within 5 min and was of short duration. Short-last...
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Chapter
Prostaglandins and Cyclic AMP in Proliferating Fibroblasts
Inhibition of prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis by indometacin (0.01 μM) resulted in enhanced proliferation in L cells which was inhibited by addition of 30 μM PGE1 (D.R. Thomas et al, Exptl.Cell Res. 84, 40, 1974)...
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Article
On the mode of action of clonidine: Relationship between effects on behaviour and cyclic nucleotide content in mouse brain
Low doses of clonidine (0.1 mg/kg) caused sedation in mice and decreased cyclic GMP content in the cerebellum, but not in the medial forebrain. High doses of clonidine (10.0 mg/kg) caused only a moderate and t...
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Article
Influence of prostaglandins on connective tissue cell growth and function
Prostaglandins (PGs) are synthesized by cultured fibroblasts. PGs regulate specific cellular functions by influencing cyclic nucleotide levels. PGE1 increases cAMP levels, thus enhancing glycosaminoglycan (GAG) s...
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Article
Glucocorticoids: Effects on prostaglandin release, cyclic AMP levels and glycosaminoglycan synthesis in fibroblast tissue cultures
Glucocorticoids (GCs) reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibited glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis in secondary embryonic mouse fibroblast cultures, when cells were incubated for short periods (30 min). The order...
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Article
Dopaminergic stimulants and cyclic nucleotides in mouse brain
The effects of dopaminergic stimulants on the cyclic GMP content in the medial forebrain and the cerebellum were studied in mice pretreated with dopaminergic antagonists, cholinolytics and agents enhancing GAB...
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Article
Effects of dopaminergic stimulants on cyclic nucleotide levels in mouse brain in vivo
Dopaminergic stimulants (amantadine, amphetamine, apomorphine, nomifensine and L-dopa plus benserazide) increased cyclic GMP levels in the medial forebrain and cerebellum of mice. Cyclic AMP levels were not signi...
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Article
Effects of stimulatory and depressant drugs on cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate and adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate levels in mouse brain
Cyclic GMP levels were dose-dependently increased by excitatory drugs such as picrotoxin, pentetrazol, oxotremorine and harmaline in mouse cerebellum and medial forebrain (parts of the cortex, hippocampus, hyp...
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Article
Mode of action of antirheumatic drugs on the cyclic 3′,5′-AMP regulated glycosaminoglycan secretion in fibroblasts
The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on formation and release of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and cyclic 3′,5′-AMP levels was studied in embryonic mouse fibroblasts. The results were compared and co...
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Article
Sensitive determination for adenylate cyclase activity by cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate protein binding assay
A sensitive method for measurement of adenylate cyclase activity in fat cell ghosts is described; it applies the protein binding assay for cyclic AMP of Gilman (1970). Unlabelled ATP is used as substrate in th...
