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    Article

    Image blurring and sharpening inspired three-way clustering approach

    Three-way clustering is a new type of clustering algorithm that divides the clustering results into three different parts or regions. This division allows a clear distinction between the central core and the o...

    Anwar Shah, Nouman Azam, Eisa Alanazi, **gTao Yao in Applied Intelligence (2022)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    A Game-Theoretic Rough Set Approach for Handling Missing Data in Clustering

    An important issue in clustering is how to deal with data containing missing values. A three-way decision making approach has recently been introduced for this purpose. It includes an added option of deferment...

    Nouman Azam, Mohammad Khan Afridi in Recent Trends and Future Technology in App… (2018)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Variance Based Determination of Three-Way Decisions Using Probabilistic Rough Sets

    The probabilistic rough sets is an important generalization of rough sets where a pair of thresholds is used to form new rough regions. The pair of thresholds controls different quality related criteria such a...

    Nouman Azam, **g Tao Yao in Rough Sets (2016)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    A Three-Way Decision Making Approach to Malware Analysis

    Malware analysis techniques generally classify software behaviors as malicious (i.e., harmful) or benign (i.e., not harmful). Due to ambiguous nature of application behavior, there are cases where it may not b...

    Mohammad Nauman, Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (2015)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Thresholds Determination for Probabilistic Rough Sets with Genetic Algorithms

    Probabilistic rough sets define the lower and upper approximations and the corresponding three regions by using a pair of (α,β) thresholds. Many attempts have been made to determine or calculate effective (α,β) t...

    Babar Majeed, Nouman Azam, **g Tao Yao in Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (2014)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Application of Game-Theoretic Rough Sets in Recommender Systems

    Recommender systems are emerging as an important business tool in E-commerce. The recommendations in these systems typically rely on some sort of intelligent mechanisms that analyze previous user trends and ra...

    Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Multi-disciplinary Trends in Artificial Intelligence (2014)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Formulating Game Strategies in Game-Theoretic Rough Sets

    The determination of thresholds (α,β) has been considered as a fundamental issue in probabilistic rough sets. The game-theoretic rough set (GTRS) model determines the required thresholds based on a formulated gam...

    Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (2013)

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    Chapter

    Game-Theoretic Rough Sets for Feature Selection

    Feature selection plays an important role in text categorization. Term frequency and document frequency are commonly used measures in feature selection methods for text categorization. The term frequency provi...

    Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Rough Sets and Intelligent Systems - Profe… (2013)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis with Game-Theoretic Rough Sets

    Multiple criteria decision analysis plays an important role in many real life problems found in business, economics, management, governmental and political disputes. The game-theoretic rough set model (GTRS) i...

    Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Rough Sets and Knowledge Technology (2012)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Classifying Attributes with Game-Theoretic Rough Sets

    Attributes may be categorized as core, reduct or non-reduct attributes when rough set theory is utilized for classification. These attribute types play different roles in feature selection algorithms. We intro...

    Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Intelligent Decision Technologies (2012)

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    Chapter and Conference Paper

    Incorporating Game Theory in Feature Selection for Text Categorization

    Feature selection remains as one of effective and efficient techniques in text categorization. Selecting important features is crucial for effective performance in case of high imbalance in data. We introduced...

    Nouman Azam, **gTao Yao in Rough Sets, Fuzzy Sets, Data Mining and Granular Computing (2011)