-
Article
Open AccessRelevant Word Order Vectorization for Improved Natural Language Processing in Electronic Health Records
Electronic health records (EHR) represent a rich resource for conducting observational studies, supporting clinical trials, and more. However, much of the data contains unstructured text, presenting an obstacl...
-
Article
Open AccessBayesian accrual prediction for interim review of clinical studies: open source R package and smartphone application
Subject recruitment for medical research is challenging. Slow patient accrual leads to increased costs and delays in treatment advances. Researchers need reliable tools to manage and predict the accrual rate. ...
-
Article
Open AccessAn application in identifying high-risk populations in alternative tobacco product use utilizing logistic regression and CART: a heuristic comparison
Other forms of tobacco use are increasing in prevalence, yet most tobacco control efforts are aimed at cigarettes. In light of this, it is important to identify individuals who are using both cigarettes and al...
-
Article
Open AccessPhysical activity and academic achievement across the curriculum (A + PAAC): rationale and design of a 3-year, cluster-randomized trial
Improving academic achievement and reducing the rates of obesity in elementary school students are both of considerable interest. Increased physical activity during academic instruction time during school offe...
-
Article
Open AccessIdentifying incident oral and pharyngeal cancer cases using Medicare claims
Baseline and trend data for oral and pharyngeal cancer incidence is limited. A new algorithm was derived using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database to create an algor...
-
Article
Open AccessOptimizing the diagnostic power with gastric emptying scintigraphy at multiple time points
Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy (GES) at intervals over 4 hours after a standardized radio-labeled meal is commonly regarded as the gold standard for diagnosing gastroparesis. The objectives of this study were: ...
-
Article
Open AccessDesign, baseline characteristics, and retention of African American light smokers into a randomized trial involving biological data
African Americans experience significant tobacco-related health disparities despite the fact that over half of African American smokers are light smokers (use ≤10 cigarettes per day). African Americans have be...
-
Article
Open AccessEngaging diverse underserved communities to bridge the mammography divide
Breast cancer screening continues to be underutilized by the population in general, but is particularly underutilized by traditionally underserved minority populations. Two of the most at risk female minority ...
-
Article
Head positioning and risk of pneumocephalus, air embolism, and hemorrhage during subthalamic deep brain stimulation surgery
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the risk of pneumocephalus, venous air embolism (VAE), and intracranial hemorrhage in subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) patients operated...
-
Article
Open AccessDesign, recruitment, and retention of African-American smokers in a pharmacokinetic study
African-Americans remain underrepresented in clinical research despite experiencing a higher burden of disease compared to all other ethnic groups in the United States. The purpose of this article is to descri...
-
Article
Open AccessEffects of dairy intake on weight maintenance
To compare the effects of low versus recommended levels of dairy intake on weight maintenance and body composition subsequent to weight loss.
-
Article
Open AccessPhysical activity across the curriculum: year one process evaluation results
Physical Activity Across the Curriculum (PAAC) is a 3-year elementary school-based intervention to determine if increased amounts of moderate intensity physical activity performed in the classroom will diminis...
-
Article
Effect of Morphine on the Neuropathogenesis of SIVmac Infection in Indian Rhesus Macaques
Morphine is known to prevent the development of cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses and enhance expression of the CCR5 receptor in monocyte macrophages. We undertook a study to determine the effect of morphin...
-
Article
Reduction in proliferation with six months of letrozole in women on hormone replacement therapy
The objective of this study was to determine if 6 months of the aromatase inhibitor letrozole, administered to postmenopausal women taking a stable dose of hormone replacement remedy, would be safe and would m...
-
Article
Grading invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: advantages of using automated proliferation index instead of mitotic count
Breast carcinomas are graded according to the “Nottingham modification of the Bloom–Richardson system” (SBR). The system is hindered, however, by lack of precision in assessing all three parameters including n...
-
Article
Self-efficacy and motivation to quit during participation in a smoking cessation program
The associations between failure to quit and posttreatment self-efficacy and motivation were examined among 600 African American smokers enrolled in a randomized trial testing the efficacy of bupropion for smo...
-
Article
Stress and Quitting Among African American Smokers
This study examined the relationship between stress and the likelihood of quitting among 300 urban African American smokers enrolled in the placebo arm of a controlled randomized trial assessing the efficacy o...
-
Article
The Prevalence of Barrett's Esophagus and Erosive Esophagitis in Patients Undergoing Upper Endoscopy for Dyspepsia in a VA Population
The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and erosive esophagi-tisin a group of patients undergoing upper endoscopy for dyspepsia. Computerized endoscopy recordswere retr...
-
Article
Factors Associated With Success of the Extreme Drug Resistance Assay in Primary Breast Cancer Specimens
The extreme drug resistance (EDR) assay has not been widely studied in the setting of non-metastatic breast cancer. We evaluated the feasibility of performing the assay in 144 primary breast tumor specimens fr...
