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Article
Open AccessAstrocytes display ultrastructural alterations and heterogeneity in the hippocampus of aged APP-PS1 mice and human post-mortem brain samples
The past decade has witnessed increasing evidence for a crucial role played by glial cells, notably astrocytes, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To provide novel insights into the roles of astrocytes in the pathop...
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Article
Evolving characterization of the human hyperdirect pathway
The hyperdirect pathway (HDP) represents the main glutamatergic input to the subthalamic nucleus (STN), through which the motor and prefrontal cerebral cortex can modulate basal ganglia activity. Further, dire...
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Article
Open AccessUltrastructural characterization of dark microglia during aging in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease pathology and in human post-mortem brain samples
A diverse heterogeneity of microglial cells was previously described in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, including dark microglia, a state characterized by ultrastructural markers of cellular stress. To pro...
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Article
Microscopy analysis neural network to solve detection, enumeration and segmentation from image-level annotations
The development of deep learning approaches to detect, segment or classify structures of interest has transformed the field of quantitative microscopy. High-throughput quantitative image analysis presents a ch...
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Article
Histology-driven model of the macaque motor hyperdirect pathway
Emerging appreciation for the hyperdirect pathway (HDP) as an important cortical glutamatergic input to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has motivated a wide range of recent investigations on its role in motor co...
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Article
Open AccessConvolutional Neural Networks for Spectroscopic Analysis in Retinal Oximetry
Retinal oximetry is a non-invasive technique to investigate the hemodynamics, vasculature and health of the eye. Current techniques for retinal oximetry have been plagued by quantitatively inconsistent measure...
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Article
Open AccessUltrastructural evidence of microglial heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s disease amyloid pathology
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the deposition of extracellular fibrillar amyloid β (fΑβ) and the intracellular accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles. ...
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Article
Single-axon tracing of the corticosubthalamic hyperdirect pathway in primates
Individual axons that form the hyperdirect pathway in Macaca fascicularis were visualized following microiontophoretic injections of biotinylated dextran amine in layer V of the primary motor cortex (M1). Twenty-...
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Article
The calretinin interneurons of the striatum: comparisons between rodents and primates under normal and pathological conditions
This paper reviews the major organizational features of calretinin interneurons in the dorsal striatum of rodents and primates, with some insights on the state of these neurons in Parkinson’s disease and Hunti...
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Article
Chemical anatomy of pallidal afferents in primates
Neurons of the globus pallidus receive massive inputs from the striatum and the subthalamic nucleus, but their activity, as well as those of their striatal and subthalamic inputs, are modulated by brainstem af...
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Article
Serotonin hyperinnervation of the striatum with high synaptic incidence in parkinsonian monkeys
The chronic use of L-Dopa for alleviating the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease often produces adverse effects such as dyskinesia. Unregulated release of dopamine by serotonin axons following L-Dopa admini...
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Article
Open AccessRemodeling of lipid bodies by docosahexaenoic acid in activated microglial cells
Organelle remodeling processes are evolutionarily conserved and involved in cell functions during development, aging, and cell death. Some endogenous and exogenous molecules can modulate these processes. Docos...
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Article
Open AccessAsynaptic feature and heterogeneous distribution of the cholinergic innervation of the globus pallidus in primates
The internal (GPi) and external (GPe) segments of the primate globus pallidus receive a significant cholinergic (ACh) innervation from the brainstem pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus. The present immunohistoc...
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