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Article
Role of high- and low-frequency winds and wave reflection in the onset, growth and termination of the 1997–1998 El Niño
The present study aims at studying the role played by high-frequency wind variability, wave reflection and easterly wind anomalies in the western Pacific in the onset, growth and termination phases of the 199...
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Article
Processes controlling the surface temperature signature of the Madden–Julian Oscillation in the thermocline ridge of the Indian Ocean
During boreal winter, there is a prominent maximum of intraseasonal sea-surface temperature (SST) variability associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) along a Thermocline Ridge located in the southw...
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Article
Mechanisms controlling warm water volume interannual variations in the equatorial Pacific: diabatic versus adiabatic processes
Variations of the volume of warm water above the thermocline in the equatorial Pacific are a good predictor of ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) and are thought to be critical for its preconditioning and dev...
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Article
TropFlux: air-sea fluxes for the global tropical oceans—description and evaluation
In this paper, we evaluate several timely, daily air-sea heat flux products (NCEP, NCEP2, ERA-Interim and OAFlux/ISCCP) against observations and present the newly developed TropFlux product. This new product u...
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Article
Processes of 30–90 days sea surface temperature variability in the northern Indian Ocean during boreal summer
During summer, the northern Indian Ocean exhibits significant atmospheric intraseasonal variability associated with active and break phases of the monsoon in the 30–90 days band. In this paper, we investigate ...
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Article
Interannual variability of the Tropical Indian Ocean mixed layer depth
In the present study, interannual fluctuations of the mixed layer depth (MLD) in the tropical Indian Ocean are investigated from a long-term (1960–2007) eddy permitting numerical simulation and a new observati...
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Article
TropFlux wind stresses over the tropical oceans: evaluation and comparison with other products
In this paper, we present TropFlux wind stresses and evaluate them against observations along with other widely used daily air-sea momentum flux products (NCEP, NCEP2, ERA-I and QuikSCAT). TropFlux wind stress...
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Article
Understanding Madden-Julian-Induced sea surface temperature variations in the North Western Australian Basin
The strongest large-scale intraseasonal (30–110 day) sea surface temperature (SST) variations in austral summer in the tropics are found in the eastern Indian Ocean between Australia and Indonesia (North-Weste...
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Article
ENSO representation in climate models: from CMIP3 to CMIP5
We analyse the ability of CMIP3 and CMIP5 coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation models (CGCMs) to simulate the tropical Pacific mean state and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The CMIP5 multi-model ...
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Article
Does sea surface temperature outside the tropical Pacific contribute to enhanced ENSO predictability?
In this paper we seek to identify inter-annual sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) patterns outside the tropical Pacific that may influence El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) through atmospheric telecon...
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Article
Processes of interannual mixed layer temperature variability in the thermocline ridge of the Indian Ocean
Sea-surface temperature interannual anomalies (SSTAs) in the thermocline ridge of the southwestern tropical Indian Ocean (TRIO) have several well-documented climate impacts. In this paper, we explore the phys...
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Article
Do regions outside the tropical Pacific influence ENSO through atmospheric teleconnections?
This paper aims at identifying oceanic regions outside the tropical Pacific, which may influence the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) through interannual modulation of equatorial Pacific winds. An Atmospher...
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Article
Intraseasonal variability of mixed layer depth in the tropical Indian Ocean
In this paper, we use an observational dataset built from Argo in situ profiles to describe the main large-scale patterns of intraseasonal mixed layer depth (MLD) variations in the Indian Ocean. An eddy permi...
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Article
A simple estimation of equatorial Pacific response from windstress to untangle Indian Ocean Dipole and Basin influences on El Niño
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies that develop in spring in the central Pacific are crucial to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) development. Here we use a linear, continuously stratified, ocean mo...
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Article
Modulation of equatorial Pacific westerly/easterly wind events by the Madden–Julian oscillation and convectively-coupled Rossby waves
Synoptic wind events in the equatorial Pacific strongly influence the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) evolution. This paper characterizes the spatio-temporal distribution of Easterly (EWEs) and Westerly Wi...
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Article
Impact of surface temperature biases on climate change projections of the South Pacific Convergence Zone
The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) is poorly represented in global coupled simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), with trademark biases such as the tendency to form ...
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Article
Open AccessImpact of projected sea surface temperature biases on tropical cyclones projections in the South Pacific
Climate model projections generally indicate fewer but more intense tropical cyclones (TCs) in response to increasing anthropogenic emissions. However these simulations suffer from long-standing biases in thei...
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Article
Open AccessFine-scale rainfall over New Caledonia under climate change
Global climate models projections indicate no clear future rainfall changes over the Southwestern Pacific islands in response to anthropogenic forcing. Yet, these models have low (~ 100–200 km) spatial resolut...
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Article
Southeastern Arabian Sea Salinity variability: mechanisms and influence on surface temperature
Previous studies suggest that the winter surface freshening in the southeastern Arabian Sea (SEAS) contributes to the development of very high Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) thereby influencing the following s...
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Article
Open AccessDominant contribution of atmospheric nonlinearities to ENSO asymmetry and extreme El Niño events
Extreme El Niño events have outsized impacts and strongly contribute to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm/cold phase asymmetries. There is currently no consensus on the respective importance of ocea...