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Article
Gross Nitrogen Dynamics in the Mycorrhizosphere of an Organic Forest Soil
The rhizosphere is a hot-spot for biogeochemical cycles, including production of greenhouse gases, as microbial activity is stimulated by rhizodeposits released by roots and mycorrhizae. The biogeochemical cyc...
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Article
Laboratory confirmation of C60+ as the carrier of two diffuse interstellar bands
Laboratory measurements of the gas-phase spectrum of C60+ confirm that the diffuse interstellar bands observed at 9,632 ångströms and 9,577 ångströms arise as a result of C60+ in the interstellar medium.
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Article
Insektengiftallergie — Anti-IgE-Therapie
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Article
Analyzing the Processes of Excitation and Decay of Plasma Turbulence near the Fifth Electron Gyroharmonic using Stimulated Electromagnetic Emission of the Ionosphere
We present the results concerning the dynamics of stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) in the vicinity of the 5th electron gyroharmonic in the ionospheric-modification experiment. Measurements of the dyna...
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Book
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Chapter
The Supremum of pcf μ (a)
In this chapter we introduce first the essential notion of a control function. Its importance will come out when, in Chapter 8, we determine the cofinalities of partial orderings of the form ([λ]≤k
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Chapter
Applications of pcf-Theory
As a first application of pcf-theory, we will prove in this section two estimates for cardinal numbers. Initially, if δ is a limit ordinal and μ is a cardinal with μ < ℵ δ then ...
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Chapter
Generators of T <λ+(a)
In this chapter, a denotes an infinite set of regular cardinals. We will prove the following assertion, due to S. Shelah: If |a|+ < min(a) and λ ∈ pcf(a), then there is a set bλ ∈ T<λ+(a) which generates the idea...
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Chapter
Local Properties
In his book [Sh5], Shelah introduces the operator pcf* which satisfies pcf*(pcf*(a)) = pcf*(a). If b is a set of regular cardinals, which is not necessarily progressive, and if every limit point of b is a singula...
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Chapter
The Cardinal Function pp(λ)
In this chapter, we introduce Shelah’s cardinal function pp k (λ) whose properties we now summarize. If λ is a singular cardinal, then the definition of pp k ...
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Chapter
Introduction
If M and N are setsl and if there exists a bijection2 from M onto N, then we say that M and N are equinumerous, and write M ≈ N. To measure the number of members of a set, we will introduce sets of comparison. Wi...
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Chapter
Approximation Sequences
The methods applied in the previous chapters are classical and, in a certain sense, elementary. In this chapter, we will introduce modern model theoretic methods. Notions such as “model of ZFC” and “absolutene...
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Chapter
Foundations
The year of birth of set theory can be regarded as 1872. In this year, Georg Cantor introduced the notion of a transfinite (infinite) ordinal number His investigations, which soon made set theory an independen...
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Chapter
Ordinal Functions
In the Galvin-Hajnal theorem, the question of whether it holds for singular cardinals with countable cofinality was left open. Let ℵδ be singular and v be a cardinal. If δ = ℵδ, then
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Chapter
The Galvin-Hajnal Theorem
The so-called singular cardinal problem consists of the description of the possible size of the cardinal, % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- % feaagCart1e...
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Chapter
High Temperature 93Nb NMR Study of Liquid NbCl5 and its Mixtures with Various Alkali Chlorides
Liquid NbCl5 and its mixtures with different alkali halides have been investigated for the first time by 93Nb NMR at temperatures up to 900K. In liquid NbCl5 quadrupolar relaxation dominates. Both the chemical sh...
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Article
Liposomal Formulations of Cyclosporin A: Influence of Lipid Type and Dose on Pharmacokinetics
Purpose. Liposomal formulations of Cyclosporin A (CyA)3 have been described in more than 30 publications to substitute Cremophor EL (CrEL), a triricinoleate ester of ethoxylated glycerol, as drug carrier. Howeve...
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Article
Temperature dependence of21Ne,83Kr, and131Xe quadrupole relaxation and of xenon diffusion in polyatomic solvents
The main aim of the present work is to contribute, by an extension of the experimental data base, to the understanding of quadrupole relaxation of nuclei of noble gases dissolved in molecular liquids. We have ...
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Article
Multinuclear study of RF losses in NaCl/D2O solutions
The RF losses in NMR experiments on ionic solutions have been investigated by multi-NMR. The change of π/2 pulse length (PW)90 for23Na,35Cl,2D,17O and1H nuclei in NaCl/D2O solutions has been systematically studie...
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Article
Binary Optics Microlens Arrays in CdTe.
Arrays of miniature focusing optics located at the focal plane can improve the performance of focal plane systems. By more completely collecting the light at the focal plane and concentrating it into a smaller...
