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Article
The origin of placental mammal life histories
After the end-Cretaceous extinction, placental mammals quickly diversified1, occupied key ecological niches2,3 and increased in size4,5, but this last was not true of other therians6. The uniquely extended gestat...
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Article
The Narial Anatomy of Extinct and Extant Sloths (Xenarthra, Folivora): Osteological Anomalies in the Extant Two-Toed Sloth Choloepus
The skeletal anatomy of the anterior narial region in mammals is complex, comprised of several bony and cartilaginous elements. Because it includes many cartilaginous components, preservation of this area in e...
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Article
A monotreme-like auditory apparatus in a Middle Jurassic haramiyidan
Among extant vertebrates, mammals are distinguished by having a chain of three auditory ossicles (the malleus, incus and stapes) that transduce sound waves and promote an increased range of audible—especially ...
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Article
Skeleton of a Cretaceous mammal from Madagascar reflects long-term insularity
The fossil record of mammaliaforms (mammals and their closest relatives) of the Mesozoic era from the southern supercontinent Gondwana is far less extensive than that from its northern counterpart, Laurasia1,2. A...
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Article
An Early Cretaceous eutherian and the placental–marsupial dichotomy
Molecular estimates of the divergence of placental and marsupial mammals and their broader clades (Eutheria and Metatheria, respectively) fall primarily in the Jurassic period. Supporting these estimates, Juramai...
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Article
First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism
Previously known only from isolated teeth and lower jaw fragments recovered from the Cretaceous and Palaeogene of the Southern Hemisphere, the Gondwanatheria constitute the most poorly known of all major mamma...
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Article
The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis
The present study was undertaken in order to effect a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the order Pholidota, examining seven of the eight currently recognized extant species (absent is Manis culionensis, for...
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Article
The Ear Region of the Pen-tailed Treeshrew, Ptilocercus lowii Gray, 1848 (Placentalia, Scandentia, Ptilocercidae)
The ear region of the pen-tailed treeshrew, Ptilocercus lowii Gray, 1848 (Scandentia, Ptilocercidae), is described and illustrated in detail based on five museum specimens from the National Museum of Natural Hist...
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Article
The earliest known eutherian mammal
The skeleton of a eutherian (placental) mammal has been discovered from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of northeastern China. We estimate its age to be about 125 million years (Myr), extending the date ...
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Article
The Entotympanic of Pangolins and the Phylogeny of the Pholidota (Mammalia)
Entotympanics are independent elements present in the auditory bullae of various eutherians. An entotympanic has been reported for extant pangolins of the Order Pholidota, but the actual distribution of this e...
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Article
Implications of Deltatheridium specimens for early marsupial history
We describe here two new specimens of the mammal Deltatheridium pretrituberculare from the Late Cretaceous period of Mongolia. These specimens provide information on tooth replacement in basal therian mammals and...
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Article
Epipubic bones in eutherian mammals from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia
An important transformation in the evolution of mammals was the loss of the epipubic bones. These are elements projecting anteriorly from the pelvic girdle into the abdominal region in a variety of Mesozoic ma...
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Article
Chiropteran vomeronasal complex and the interfamilial relationships of bats
Within the extant orders of living mammals, the distribution of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and associated structures is very stable, being universally present in the vast majority or universally absent in cet...
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Article
Reexamination of the morphological evidence for the cohort Epitheria (Mammalia, Eutheria)
Novacek and co-workers recognized a monophyletic clade Epitheria, comprising all eutherians except edentates and the extinct palaeoryctoids, on the basis of two synapomorphies: a stirrupshaped stapes and a for...
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Article
Multituberculate phylogeny
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Article
Cranial circulation of the pen-tailed tree shrewPtilocercus lowii and relationships of Scandentia
The major cranial arteries and veins are described for a 30-mm crown-rump length fetus of the pen-tailed tree shrewPtilocercus lowii, and comparisons are made with cranial vessels reported in the tree shrewTupaia
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Chapter
Ontogeny of the Tympanic Floor and Roof in Archontans
To say that the middle ear and surrounding basicranium have played a critical role in current views of mammalian phylogeny is not an overstatement. Nearly every recent morphological treatment of phylogenetic r...
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Chapter
Basicranial Evidence for Early Mammal Phylogeny
The distribution of thirty-eight basicranial characters is considered among monotremes, marsupials, placentals, and the following extinct taxa—Tritheledontidae, Tritylodontidae, Sinoconodon, Morganucodontidae, Ha...
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Article
Morphogenesis of the mammalian skull