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Open AccessConformational antigenic heterogeneity as a cause of the persistent fraction in HIV-1 neutralization
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) protect against HIV-1 acquisition in animal models and show promise in treatment of infection. They act by binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env), thereby blocking its ...
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Open AccessAuthor Correction: Interplay of diverse adjuvants and nanoparticle presentation of native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers
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Root cap–derived cells and mucilage: a protective network at the root tip
Root cap–derived cells and mucilage provide the first line of defense of the plant against soil microbial pathogens. These cells form a mucilaginous root extracellular trap (RET), which also harbors a range of...
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Article
Beta testing the monkey model
Corbett et al. use the rhesus macaque model to evaluate the ability of the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine to protect against challenge with the antibody-evading Beta variant of SARS-CoV-2. Their key find...
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Open AccessInterplay of diverse adjuvants and nanoparticle presentation of native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers
The immunogenicity of HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimers is generally poor. We used the clinically relevant ConM SOSIP trimer to compare the ability of different adjuvants (squalene emulsion, ISCOMATRIX, GLA-LSQ, an...
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Open AccessPolyclonal antibody responses to HIV Env immunogens resolved using cryoEM
Engineered ectodomain trimer immunogens based on BG505 envelope glycoprotein are widely utilized as components of HIV vaccine development platforms. In this study, we used rhesus macaques to evaluate the immun...
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Open AccessImmunofocusing and enhancing autologous Tier-2 HIV-1 neutralization by displaying Env trimers on two-component protein nanoparticles
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer is poorly immunogenic because it is covered by a dense glycan shield. As a result, recombinant Env glycoproteins generally elicit inadequate antibody levels that neutrali...
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Open AccessT cell-inducing vaccine durably prevents mucosal SHIV infection even with lower neutralizing antibody titers
Recent efforts toward an HIV vaccine focus on inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies, but eliciting both neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and cellular responses may be superior. Here, we immunized macaques wit...
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Analysis of Plant Cell Walls Using High-Throughput Profiling Techniques with Multivariate Methods
Plant cell walls are composed of a number of coextensive polysaccharide-rich networks (i.e., pectin, hemicellulose, protein). Polysaccharide-rich cell walls are important in a number of biological processes in...
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Open AccessEnhancing and sha** the immunogenicity of native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers with a two-component protein nanoparticle
The development of native-like HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer antigens has enabled the induction of neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses against neutralization-resistant HIV-1 strains in animal models. However, ...
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Open AccessStructure and immunogenicity of a stabilized HIV-1 envelope trimer based on a group-M consensus sequence
Stabilized HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) that resemble the native Env are utilized in vaccination strategies aimed at inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). To limit the exposure of rare isolat...
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Open AccessCapturing the inherent structural dynamics of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein fusion peptide
The N-terminal fusion peptide (FP) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) gp41 subunit plays a critical role in cell entry. However, capturing the structural flexibility in the...
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Open and closed structures reveal allostery and pliability in the HIV-1 envelope spike
New high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of the HIV-1 envelope protein provide a detailed description and understanding of how the HIV-1 fusion machinery functions and how it changes its structu...
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An HIV-1 antibody from an elite neutralizer implicates the fusion peptide as a site of vulnerability
The induction by vaccination of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) capable of neutralizing various HIV-1 viral strains is challenging, but understanding how a subset of HIV-infected individuals develops b...
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Open AccessPresenting native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers on ferritin nanoparticles improves their immunogenicity
Presenting vaccine antigens in particulate form can improve their immunogenicity by enhancing B cell activation.
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Open AccessAntibodies to a conformational epitope on gp41 neutralize HIV-1 by destabilizing the Env spike
The recent identification of three broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against gp120–gp41 interface epitopes has expanded the targetable surface on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer. By using bi...
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Antibody potency relates to the ability to recognize the closed, pre-fusion form of HIV Env
HIV’s envelope glycoprotein (Env) is the sole target for neutralizing antibodies. The structures of many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in complex with truncated Env subunits or components have been r...
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Article
A stamp on the envelope
A high-resolution crystal structure of the HIV-1 Env trimer proteins, in their form before they fuse with target cells, will aid the design of vaccines that elicit protective immune responses to this protein c...
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Open AccessDifferential binding of neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies to native-like soluble HIV-1 Env trimers, uncleaved Env proteins, and monomeric subunits
The trimeric envelope glycoproteins (Env) on the surface of HIV-1 virions are the targets for neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). No candidate HIV-1 immunogen has yet induced potent, broadly active NAbs (bNAbs). P...
