-
Article
Performance analysis and design of semi-blind beamforming for downlink MIMO–NOMA heterogeneous network
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication is a potential strategy for overcoming the limits of classic orthogonal multiple access schemes, and it can improve possible rates. In contrast, MIMO–NOMA im...
-
Article
Beamforming Techniques for MIMO-NOMA for 5G and Beyond 5G: Research Gaps and Future Directions
Effective sharing of the communication channel among many users, or multiple access (MA) techniques, can play a vital role in meeting the diverse demands of low latency, high reliability, massive connectivity,...
-
Article
An efficient normalized LMS algorithm
The task of adaptive estimation in the presence of random and highly nonlinear environment such as wireless channel estimation and identification of non-stationary system etc. has been always challenging. The ...
-
Article
Design and Analysis of the Fractional-Order Complex Least Mean Square (FoCLMS) Algorithm
In this work, a new class of stochastic gradient algorithm is developed based on fractional calculus. Unlike the existing algorithms, the concept of complex fractional gradient is introduced by employing Caput...
-
Article
Wireless Communication as a Resha** Tool for Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) Business in Pakistan: A Technical and Financial Review
Pakistan is one of the growing nations, specifically in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). During the last decade, an intense rise in the adaptation of ICT has been observed in all th...
-
Article
Miniaturization of Monopole Patch Antenna with Extended UWB Spectrum via Novel Hybrid Heuristic Approach
Many of the wireless systems employ ultra wide band (UWB) for its efficient data rate and optimal power consumption. However, all the wireless devices need to have antenna size as small as possible. It is ther...
-
Article
Open AccessVitamin D alleviates lead induced renal and testicular injuries by immunomodulatory and antioxidant mechanisms in rats
This study measured the effects of vitamin D (VD) supplementation on the underlying molecular pathways involved in renal and testicular damage induced by lead (Pb) toxicity. Thirty two adult male Wistar rats w...
-
Article
A Novel Fractional Gradient-Based Learning Algorithm for Recurrent Neural Networks
In this research, we propose a novel algorithm for learning of the recurrent neural networks called as the fractional back-propagation through time (FBPTT). Considering the potential of the fractional calculus...
-
Article
Characterisation of vitamin D-related molecules and calcium-sensing receptor in human Fallopian tube during the menstrual cycle and in ectopic pregnancy
This is a prospective observational study that measures the expression of vitamin D (VD) metabolising and signalling molecules and Ca2+ sensing receptor (CaSR) in human Fallopian tube (FT) during the menstrual cy...
-
Article
Open AccessActivins and their related proteins in colon carcinogenesis: insights from early and advanced azoxymethane rat models of colon cancer
Activin-A may exert pro- or anti-tumorigenic activities depending on cellular context. However, little is known about its role, or the other mature activin proteins, in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). This study m...
-
Article
Open AccessThe fibrolytic potentials of vitamin D and thymoquinone remedial therapies: insights from liver fibrosis established by CCl4 in rats
Vitamin D (VitD) and thymoquinone (TQ) are nutraceutical agents with well-known immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective properties. This study measured whether VitD and TQ, individually or combined, could have d...
-
Article
Open AccessVitamin D3 enhances the tumouricidal effects of 5-Fluorouracil through multipathway mechanisms in azoxymethane rat model of colon cancer
Vitamin D3 and its analogues have recently been shown to enhance the anti-tumour effects of 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU) both in vitro and in xenograft mouse model of colon cancer. This study measured the potential ...
