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Article
Antiinsectan Activity of Epilachnene, a Defensive Alkaloid from Pupae of Mexican Bean Beetles (Epilachna varivestis)
Epilachnene [(5Z)-11-propyl-12-azacyclotetradec-5-en-14-olide], the principal component of the secretion of the pupal defensive hairs of the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis), has antiinsectan activity. ...
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Article
Trail Pheromone of the Myrmicine Ant Aphaenogaster rudis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
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Article
Tocopheryl acetates from the pupal exocrine secretion of the squash beetle,Epilachna borealis (Coccinellidae)
The oily droplets on the pupal integumental hairs of the squash beetleEpilachna borealis contain a mixture of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopheryl acetates as major constituents. In addition, the secretion contains a num...
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Article
Acetylation of α-tocopherol by the squash beetle,Epilachna borealis
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Article
Defensive use of an acquired substance (carminic acid) by predaceous insect larvae
Larvae of two insects, a coccinellid beetle (Hyperaspis trifurcata) and a chamaemyiid fly (Leucopis sp.), feed on cochineal insects and appropriate their prey's defensive chemical, carminic acid, for protective p...
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Article
Pregnanes from defensive glands of a belostomatid bug
The aquatic bugAbedus herberti (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) secretes a mixture containing four pregnanes (desoxycorticosterone (I), pregnenolone (II), progesterone (III), and 3α-hydroxy-pregn-5-en-20-one (IV)) fro...
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Article
Defensive secretion of a carabid beetle,Helluomorphoides clairvillei
The defensive spray of a single female of the rare carabid beetle,Helluomorphoides clairvillei (subfamily Carabinae, supertribe Lebiitae, tribe Helluonini). was found to contain a mixture of compounds, including ...
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Article
Defensive secretion ofTenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
The defensive secretion ofTenebrio molitor contains a mixture of 2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone andm-cresol. The phenol had not previously been detected in the secretion, although some investigators reported presence ...
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Article
Sexual dimorphism in the defensive secretion of a carabid beetle
The defensive secretions of male and femaleOodes americanus display striking qualitative differences. Altogether 13 carboxylic acids were identified in the secretions of the two sexes. Methacrylic, crotonic, and ...
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Article
Defensive role of tropical tree resins: antitermitic sesquiterpenes from Southeast Asian Dipterocarpaceae
Chemical components demonstrating antiinsectan properties were isolated and identified from crude resins of fourDipterocarpus species. The most active compounds against Southeast Asian termites (Neotermes spp.) p...
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Article
Courtship pheromone production and body size as correlates of larval diet in males of the arctiid moth,Utetheisa ornatrix
Hydroxydanaidal, the corematal courtship pheromone of maleUtetheisa ornatrix, shows pronounced quantitative variation in natural populations of the moth. Males that, as larvae, fed on seed-bearing rather than imm...
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Article
(R)-(Z,E)-9,11-octadecadien-13-olide: An intriguing lactone fromHeliconius pachinus (Lepidoptera)
A fourteen-membered lactone,(R)-(Z,E)-9,11-octadecadien-13-olide, was isolated from extruded abdominal glands of a Neotropical, nymphalid butterfly,Heliconius pachinus (Lepidoptera). This compound was obtained fr...
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Article
Paternal allocation of sequestered plant pyrrolizidine alkaloid to eggs in the danaine butterfly, Danaus gilippus
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestered by adult maleDanaus gilippus from plants is transferred in large measure to the female at mating, and by the female to the eggs. The eggs, presumably, are protected as a result....
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Article
Defensive sesquiterpenoids from a dipterocarp (Dipterocarpus kerrii)
Four sesquiterpenoids (2, 4, 7, and9) have been isolated and characterized from the termiticidal fraction ofDipterocarpus kerrii resin. The major constituent of this resin is α-gurjunene (1).
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Article
Defensive steroids from a carrion beetle (Silpha novaboracensis)
Two novel steroids, 3α,7β-dihydroxy-14β-pregn-4-en-15,20-dione (1) and 3α,7β, 20ξ-trihydroxy-14β-pregn-4-en-15-one (4), have been characterized from the rectal gland ofSilpha novaboracensis (Coleoptera: Silphidae...
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Article
Defensive alkaloid in blood of Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis)
The blood of the Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis) contains a homotropane alkaloid, euphococcinine (1). The beetles ‘reflex bleed’ when disturbed, thereby deploying the alkaloid, which is provenly deterr...
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Article
Studies on the fungal phytotoxin victorin: Structures of three novel amino acids from the acid hydrolyzate
The host-selective phytotoxin victorin, produced by the fungusCochliobolus victoriae, was found to be at least partially peptidic in nature, and did not contain victoxinine. The exact mass of the M-H ion was meas...
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Article
Defensive steroids from a carrion beetle (Silpha americana)
The defensive anal effluent discharged bySilpha americana in response to disturbance contains a mixture of steroids stemming from a glandular annex of the rectum. The compounds have been characterized as 15β-hydr...
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Article
Stereochemical course of pheromone biosynthesis in the arctiid moth,Creatonotos transiens
The biosynthetic conversion of a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (heliotrine,IV) to a male moth pheromone (hydroxydanaidal,III) is found to proceed with inversion of configuration at the remaining asymmetric center (C-7).
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Article
Thermal concomitants and biochemistry of the explosive discharge mechanism of some little known bombardier beetles
The quinonoid defensive spray of 2 carabid beetles of the subfamilies Metriinae and Paussinae is ejected hot (55°C and 65°C), with a heat content of 0.19 and 0.17 cal/mg. Hydroquinone(s) and hydrogen peroxide ...
