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    Chapter

    Free Fatty Acid Receptors and Their Role in Regulation of Energy Metabolism

    The free fatty acid receptor (FFAR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activated by free fatty acids (FFAs), which play important roles not only as essential nutritional components but also as signaling mo...

    Takafumi Hara, Ikuo Kimura, Daisuke Inoue in Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Ph… (2013)

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    Living Reference Work Entry In depth

    GPR41/FFAR3

    Akira Nakajima, Ikuo Kimura in Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules

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    Book

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    Chapter

    Anti-Inflammatory and Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Free Fatty Acid Receptors

    Chronic low-grade inflammation in macrophages and adipose tissues can promote the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Free fatty acids (FFAs) have important roles in various tissues, acting as both ess...

    Junki Miyamoto, Mayu Kasubuchi, Akira Nakajima, Ikuo Kimura in Free Fatty Acid Receptors (2017)

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    Reference Work Entry In depth

    GPR41/FFAR3

    Akira Nakajima, Ikuo Kimura in Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules (2018)

  6. No Access

    Article

    Complex formation between the vasopressin 1b receptor, β-arrestin-2, and the μ-opioid receptor underlies morphine tolerance

    Chronic morphine exposure upregulates adenylate cyclase signaling and reduces analgesic efficacy, a condition known as opioid tolerance. Nonopioid neurotransmitters can enhance morphine tolerance, but the mech...

    Taka-aki Koshimizu, Kenji Honda, Sachi Nagaoka-Uozumi in Nature Neuroscience (2018)

  7. Article

    Open Access

    Commensal microbe-derived acetate suppresses NAFLD/NASH development via hepatic FFAR2 signalling in mice

    Non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and it can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Alterations in the gut microbiome have been implicated in th...

    Ryo Aoki, Masayoshi Onuki, Koya Hattori, Masato Ito, Takahiro Yamada in Microbiome (2021)