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Chapter
Herbert Fröhlich, and the New Biophysics of Cooperativity
If one word is to be used for a description of the research created by Professor H. Fröhlich, that word is cooperativity. The phenomena of cooperative and collective phenomena have been much advanced by his insig...
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Article
Giant polarization in high polymers
In the course of studying the properties of highly conjugated polymers we found that long range orbital delocalization conferred unexpected properties. The presence of giant electronic orbitals made these mate...
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Article
Orbitally magnetized organic solids
The preparation is discussed of polymeric organic solids in which large ring-like delocalized electronic orbitals can be made to enclose or trap magnetic flux. The situation is analogous to snap** shut a loo...
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Chapter
Cellular Spin Resonance (CSR)
Small objects such as suspended live cells, organelles, tissue fragments, or even inanimate powder particles may be made to spin in an electromagnetic field. The spinning occurs in a resonant response to the a...
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Chapter
Dielectrophoretic Cell Sorting
Living cells can be sorted with the aid of dielectrophoresis (DEP). The method depends upon the natural differences in the effective dielectric constants of the several types (species, physiological states, et...
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Chapter
Biological Dielectrophoresis
A brief history of the behavior of materials in nonuniform electrical fields is presented, followed by a theory of dielectrophoretic force and the derivation of the general force equation. Attention is paid to...
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Article
The force on a neutral dielectric object of biological interest in crossed time-varying electric and magnetic fields
Externally imposed sinusoidal electric and magnetic fields acting ninety degrees out of phase and perpendicular to each other produce a unidirectional force on an object. The electromagnetic body force arising...
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Article
Electrical aspects of division control inSaccharomyces
Readily discernable changes in electrical character take place during the division cycle of the yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By using the technique of cellular spin resonance, the electrical polarizability of ...
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Chapter
Natural AC Electric Fields in and About Cells
Living cells are the source of natural ac electrical oscillations, as is shown by several experimental approaches. These include dielectrophoresis, cellular spin resonance, and direct detection. This paper rev...
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Article
A mass polarizability molecular beam spectrometer
A molecular beam spectrometer using dielectrophoresis is described which should be useful in studies of molecular polarizabilities, dipole moments, rotational energy states, and reaction rates. The special ele...
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Article
Cellular spin resonance: Theory and experiment
Living and dead cells, as well as certain inanimate particles, can be made to spin in a rotating electric field, such as that produced by a four-pole electrode system. The theory for the effects and the experi...
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Article
Electrical fusion of cells and nucleiin vitro: A preliminary note
The electrical fusion of male skin fibroblasts of the Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak)in vitro is described. Fusion of cell nuclei in the resulting multinucleated giant cells was observed after application of u...
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Article
Cellular spinning in pulsed rotating electric fields
Living cells, dead cells, and other particles suspended in aqueous media of low conductivity can be easily caused to spin if a rotating electrical field is applied. The background and theory are presented for ...
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Article
The spinning of suspended particles in a two-pulsed, three-electrode system
Suspended particles can be made to spin while in suspension in a medium and subject to a rotating electric field. The theory given here is for an electrical system comprised of three symmetrically spaced elect...
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Article
Bioelectrochemistry: Ions, surfaces, membranes
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Chapter and Conference Paper
Natural Oscillating Fields of Cells
Some 14 years ago, H. Fröhlich (1968, 1980) predicted that living cells would be able to channel their chemical energies into high frequency electrical and cooperative oscillations. There is now increasing evi...
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Article
Cellular spin resonance in rotating electric fields
Cells and certain other electrically polarizable objects can be seen to spin when in a rotating electric field. When a rotating field (from four Pt electrodes) is applied over a frequency range of 500 to 75,00...
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Article
Cellular spin resonance of aging yeast and mouse sarcoma cells
The way in which individual cells may be made to spin by the application of alternating electric fields is examined. The spinning of a given living cell is observed to respond rather sharply and in a resonant ...
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Article
Electrical oscillation and contact inhibition of reproduction in cells
The assumption that electrical oscillatory phenomena must be present during the cellular reproductive cycle is examined and found to be supported by the presently available evidence, mainly that on mouse cells.
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Article
Critical fields in cell fusion and dielectrophoresis
It is increasingly recognized that exposure to electrical fields can reversibly increase the electrical permeability and conductivity of the cellular membrane. It is therefore worthwhile to determine under wha...
